Spatial distribution of water reservoirs in the Sota catchment (Benin, West Africa) and implications for local development

Sambieni, Kevin S.; Hountondji, Fabien C. C.; Sintondji, Luc Ollivier; Fohrer, Nicola

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14458

Cited by 3 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The temperatures obtained are similar to those reported by other studies on groundwater in West Africa. Indeed, a study in Benin found temperatures ranging from 26˚C to 30˚C with an average of 28˚C [19] [20].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Nitrates and Nitrites in Borehole Water from the Southern and the Northern Region of C&#244;te d’Ivoire (West Africa)

Claon,

Serge,

Laurent

et al. 2024

OJMH

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This study aimed to evaluate the quality of water from village boreholes by measuring physicochemical parameters such as nitrates, nitrites, and total organic carbon (TOC). Forty-five (45) village pumps from the Southern (Basse Côte) and the Northern (Korhogo) region of Côte d'Ivoire (west Africa) were sampled. Physicochemical parameters such as temperature, pH, conductivity at 25˚C, and turbidity were determined in situ, while nitrite and nitrate were analyzed according to ISO 10304-1 (2007) standard and total organic carbon (TOC) by NF EN 1484 (1997 standard. The results showed that the borehole waters of the Basse Côte and Korhogo analyzed are acidic, with an average temperature of 27.51˚C ± 0.16˚C and 29.95˚C ± 0.51˚C respectively for the Basse Côte and Korhogo regions. The borehole waters of the Basse Côtedo not contain nitrites, while those of Korhogo have average nitrite contents of 0.32 mg/l. The average nitrate rate in the waters of the Basse Côte and Korhogo are 12.08 ± 2.11 mg/l and 11.03 ± 3.18 mg/l respectively. The average TOC concentration of the waters of the Basse Côte is 1.28 ± 0.32 mg/l and that of Korhogo is 0.56 ± 0.09 mg/L. The study showed that the borehole waters of the Basse Côte and Korhogo have average temperatures between 27.4˚C and 29.95˚C with a slightly acidic pH value and acceptable salinity. The TOC concentrations obtained at the different sampling points were all below the French standard (2 mg/L) except for certains pumps of the Basse Côte. The water samples from the Basse Côte were devoid of nitrite. On the other hand, those from Korhogo revealed the presence of nitrite. Also, the borehole waters of the regions of the Basse Côte and Korhogo contain rela-How to cite this paper: Claon

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Nitrates and Nitrites in Borehole Water from the Southern and the Northern Region of C&#244;te d’Ivoire (West Africa)

Claon,

Serge,

Laurent

et al. 2024

OJMH

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“…The climate of the catchment is tropical with a unimodal rainfall. The monthly average temperature varies between 24.9 • C and 32.5 • C, while the annual average revolves around 27.9 • C (for more details on the study area, refer to [22]).…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…is shared by seven districts: Malanville, Ségbana, Kandi, Gogounou, Bembèrèkè, Kalalé and Nikki (Figure 1). The climate of the catchment is tropical with a unimodal rainfall The monthly average temperature varies between 24.9 °C and 32.5 °C, while the annua average revolves around 27.9 °C (for more details on the study area, refer to [22]).…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Goungoun Sota forest located in the Sota catchment is under constant anthropogenic pressure, with a deforestation rate of 2.91% between 2000 and 2015 [56]. The slight increase in the surface area of waterbody observed in the Sota catchment between 1990 and 2020, is due to the increase in the construction of water reservoirs in the catchment between 1990 and 2003 [22].…”

Section: Land Cover Assessment Of the Sota Catchmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Sota region faces increasing pressure on water resources and woodlands due to agricultural (plant production and livestock raising) intensification and extensification [22]. Previous climate studies in the catchment were limited to 2010 [16,18,20,21], and trend analysis using autocorrelation was not performed, compromising the accuracy of the analyses [23][24][25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Climate and Land Use/Land Cover Changes within the Sota Catchment (Benin, West Africa)

Sambieni,

Hountondji,

Sintondji

et al. 2024

Hydrology

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Climate and land cover changes are key factors in river basins’ management. This study investigates on the one hand 60-year (1960 to 2019) rainfall and temperature variability using station data combined with gridded data, and on the other hand land cover changes for the years 1990, 2005, and 2020 in the Sota catchment (13,410 km2, North Benin, West Africa). The climate period is different from the chosen land use change period due to the unavailability of satellite images. Standardized anomaly index, break points, trend analysis, and Thiessen’s polygon were applied. Satellite images were processed and ground truthing was carried out to assess land cover changes. The analyses revealed a wet period from 1960 to 1972, a dry period from 1973 to 1987, and another wet period from 1988 to 2019. The annual rainfall decreases from the south to the north of the catchment. In addition, rainfall showed a non-significant trend over the study period, and no significant changes were identified between the two normals (1960–1989 and 1990–2019) at catchment scale, although some individual stations exhibited significant trends. Temperatures, in contrast, showed a significant increasing trend over the study period at catchment scale, with significant break points in 1978, 1990, and 2004 for Tmax, and 1989 for Tmin. An increase of 0.4 °C and 1.2 °C is noted, respectively, for Tmax and Tmin between the two normals. The study also revealed increases in agricultural areas (212.1%), settlements (76.6%), waterbodies (2.9%), and baresoil (52%) against decreases in woodland (49.6%), dense forest (42.2%), gallery forest (21.2%), and savanna (31.9%) from 1990 to 2020. These changes in climate and land cover will have implications for the region. Appropriate adaptation measures, including Integrated Water Resources Management and afforestation, are required.

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Assessment of Hydrology Estimates from ERA5 Reanalyses in Benin (West Africa)

Bodjrenou,

Sintondji,

M’Po N’Tcha

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Abstract. In West Africa, the validation of distributed models is limited by the quality and availability of point station data measured in-situ. ERA5 is a climate reanalysis produced by European Centre for Medium-range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) and suggested to overcome this constraint. This study assessed and compared over the Benin basins at spatial and monthly time scale, the quality of ERA5 and its variant ERA5-Land (namely LAND). ERA5 relies on the single-levels version with 0.25° x 0.25° resolution while LAND is the land surface version with 0.1° x 0.1° resolution. Four variables were collected including runoff, evapotranspiration (ETR), water table depth (WTD), and soil water content (SWC). Point station data were analyzed using the correlation performance evaluators, Mean Absolute Error (m) and Relative Mean Absolute Error (r). The results showed that LAND simulates well the peaks of mean runoff. It showed the best runoff performance in terms of correlation (~0.61) compared with ERA5 (correlation ~0.49). Both reanalysis showed high correlations (generally > 0.80) for SWC, but the correlations obtained from ETR are slightly lower (ERA5~0.58 vs. ERA5-Land~0.54). Correlations were below 0.5 on both reanalyses for WTD with slight overestimation (m=4.73 m for ERA5 vs. m=3.13 m for LAND). This study does not identify any reanalysis that is better than another, both spatially and monthly scale. Nevertheless, this study indicated that the choice of reanalyses must rely on their performance and the given water cycle element. Correcting the variables of these reanalysis could also improve their performance.

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Spatial distribution of water reservoirs in the Sota catchment (Benin, West Africa) and implications for local development

Cited by 3 publications

References 17 publications

Assessment of Nitrates and Nitrites in Borehole Water from the Southern and the Northern Region of C&#244;te d’Ivoire (West Africa)

Assessment of Nitrates and Nitrites in Borehole Water from the Southern and the Northern Region of C&#244;te d’Ivoire (West Africa)

Climate and Land Use/Land Cover Changes within the Sota Catchment (Benin, West Africa)

Assessment of Hydrology Estimates from ERA5 Reanalyses in Benin (West Africa)

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Spatial distribution of water reservoirs in the Sota catchment (Benin, West Africa) and implications for local development

Cited by 3 publications

References 17 publications

Assessment of Nitrates and Nitrites in Borehole Water from the Southern and the Northern Region of C&amp;#244;te d’Ivoire (West Africa)

Assessment of Nitrates and Nitrites in Borehole Water from the Southern and the Northern Region of C&amp;#244;te d’Ivoire (West Africa)

Climate and Land Use/Land Cover Changes within the Sota Catchment (Benin, West Africa)

Assessment of Hydrology Estimates from ERA5 Reanalyses in Benin (West Africa)

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Assessment of Nitrates and Nitrites in Borehole Water from the Southern and the Northern Region of Côte d’Ivoire (West Africa)

Assessment of Nitrates and Nitrites in Borehole Water from the Southern and the Northern Region of Côte d’Ivoire (West Africa)