Spatial distribution pattern of Mytilus chilensis beds in the Reloncaví fjord: hypothesis on associated processes

Flores, Carlos Alberto Molinet; Gomez, Manuel Alejandro Díaz; Muñoz, Camilo Bernardo Arriagada; Pérez, Leny Eunise Cares; Arribas, Sandra Lorena Marín; Astorga, Marcela; Huaquin, Edwin Juan Elías Niklitschek

doi:10.1186/s40693-015-0041-7

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…It is a keystone taxon in the ecosystem regulating phytoplankton, nutrient flow and contributes to remineralizing organic deposits in the sediment (Gallardi, 2014). It inhabits rocky substrates in the intertidal and subtidal zones along the southern Pacific Ocean, from latitude 38 • S (Bío-Bío Region) to 53 • S (Magellan Straits) (Molinet et al, 2015;Oyarzún et al, 2016;Larraín et al, 2018;Jahnsen-Guzmán et al, 2021). As a gonochoric species, with an annual gametogenic cycle, sexual maturity occurs in spring-summer (Oyarzún et al, 2011), then fertilization and development of the planktonic larvae take place.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptive Differences in Gene Expression in Farm-Impacted Seedbeds of the Native Blue Mussel Mytilus chilensis

et al. 2021

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The study of adaptive population differences is relevant for evolutionary biology, as it evidences the power of selective local forces relative to gene flow in maintaining adaptive phenotypes and their underlying genetic determinants. However, human-mediated hybridization through habitat translocations, a common and recurrent aquaculture practice where hybrids could eventually replace local genotypes, risk populations’ ability to cope with perturbations. The endemic marine mussel Mytilus chilensis supports a booming farming industry in the inner sea of Chiloé Island, southern Chile, which entirely relies on artificially collected seeds from natural beds that are translocated to ecologically different fattening centers. A matter of concern is how farm-impacted seedbeds will potentially cope with environmental shifts and anthropogenic perturbations. This study provides the first de novo transcriptome of M. chilensis; assembled from tissue samples of mantles and gills of individuals collected in ecologically different farm-impacted seedbeds, Cochamó (41°S) and Yaldad (43°S). Both locations and tissue samples differentially expressed transcripts (DETs) in candidate adaptive genes controlling multiple fitness traits, involved with metabolism, genetic and environmental information processing, and cellular processes. From 189,743 consensus contigs assembled: 1,716 (Bonferroni pvalue ≤ 0.05) were DETs detected in different tissues of samples from different locations, 210 of them (fold change ≥ | 100|) in the same tissue of samples from a different location, and 665 (fold change ≥ | 4|) regardless of the tissue in samples from a different location. Site-specific DETs in Cochamó (169) and Yaldad (150) in candidate genes controlling tolerance to temperature and salinity shifts, and biomineralization exhibit a high number of nucleotide genetic variants with regular occurrence (frequency > 99%). This novel M. chilensis transcriptome should help assessing and monitoring the impact of translocations in wild and farm-impacted mussel beds in Chiloé Island. At the same time, it would help designing effective managing practices for conservation, and translocation traceability.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptive Differences in Gene Expression in Farm-Impacted Seedbeds of the Native Blue Mussel Mytilus chilensis

et al. 2021

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“…The Reloncaví Fjord has historically been used for smoltification and growth of salmonids by industrial salmon farming (Quiñones et al, 2019;Soto et al, 2019). This fjord is also essential for the seed production of Chilean mussel farming (Molinet et al, 2015). The fjord has a J-shape; it is 55 km long and less than 3 km near the head.…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This extreme event is also a relevant threat to mussel culture (Chávez et al, 2019;Soto et al, 2020). Coastal sites with high input of freshwater seem to ensure better mussel seed provision, survival and capture, apparently because the wild mussel populations providing the seeds are more successful at lower salinities (Molinet et al, 2015, Molinet et al, 2021. Therefore, the decreasing trend in freshwater input to the Reloncaví Fjord during drought years, and the changes in its timing, could be compromising the future of these two industries (Soto et al, 2020).…”

Section: Long-term Hydrological Trends Are Changing the Fjord Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate and Land Cover Trends Affecting Freshwater Inputs to a Fjord in Northwestern Patagonia

et al. 2021

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Freshwater inputs strongly influence oceanographic conditions in coastal systems of northwestern Patagonia (41–45°S). Nevertheless, the influence of freshwater on these systems has weakened in recent decades due to a marked decrease in precipitation. Here we evaluate potential influences of climate and land cover trends on the Puelo River (640 m3s–1), the main source of freshwater input of the Reloncaví Fjord (41.5°S). Water quality was analyzed along the Puelo River basin (six sampling points) and at the discharge site in the Reloncaví Fjord (1, 8, and 25 m depth), through six field campaigns carried out under contrasting streamflow scenarios. We also used several indicators of hydrological alteration, and cross-wavelet transform and coherence analyses to evaluate the association between the Puelo River streamflow and precipitation (1950–2019). Lastly, using the WEAP hydrological model, land cover maps (2001–2016) and burned area reconstructions (1985–2019), we simulated future land cover impacts (2030) on the hydrological processes of the Puelo River. Total Nitrogen and total phosphorus, dissolved carbon, and dissolved iron concentrations measured in the river were 3–15 times lower than those in the fjord. Multivariate analyses showed that streamflow drives the carbon composition in the river. High streamflow conditions contribute with humic and colored materials, while low streamflow conditions corresponded to higher arrival of protein-like materials from the basin. The Puelo River streamflow showed significant trends in magnitude (lower streamflow in summer and autumn), duration (minimum annual streamflow), timing (more floods in spring), and frequency (fewer prolonged floods). The land cover change (LCC) analysis indicated that more than 90% of the basin area maintained its land cover, and that the main changes were attributed to recent large wildfires. Considering these land cover trends, the hydrological simulations project a slight increase in the Puelo River streamflow mainly due to a decrease in evapotranspiration. According to previous simulations, these projections present a direction opposite to the trends forced by climate change. The combined effect of reduction in freshwater input to fiords and potential decline in water quality highlights the need for more robust data and robust analysis of the influence of climate and LCC on this river-fjord complex of northwestern Patagonia.

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“…It is a keystone taxon in the ecosystem regulating phytoplankton and nutrient flow and contributes to remineralizing organic deposits in the sediment [ 39 , 40 ]. It inhabits rocky substrates in the intertidal and subtidal zones along the southern Pacific Ocean from latitude 38S to 53S [ 41 ]. As a gonochoric species with an annual gametogenic cycle, sexual maturity occurs in spring–summer, where planktonic larvae can drift between 20 and 45 days before settlement [ 42 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chromosome-Level Genome Assembly of the Blue Mussel Mytilus chilensis Reveals Molecular Signatures Facing the Marine Environment

Gallardo‐Escárate

Valenzuela-Muñoz

Núñez‐Acuña

et al. 2023

Genes

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The blue mussel Mytilus chilensis is an endemic and key socioeconomic species inhabiting the southern coast of Chile. This bivalve species supports a booming aquaculture industry, which entirely relies on artificially collected seeds from natural beds that are translocated to diverse physical–chemical ocean farming conditions. Furthermore, mussel production is threatened by a broad range of microorganisms, pollution, and environmental stressors that eventually impact its survival and growth. Herein, understanding the genomic basis of the local adaption is pivotal to developing sustainable shellfish aquaculture. We present a high-quality reference genome of M. chilensis, which is the first chromosome-level genome for a Mytilidae member in South America. The assembled genome size was 1.93 Gb, with a contig N50 of 134 Mb. Through Hi-C proximity ligation, 11,868 contigs were clustered, ordered, and assembled into 14 chromosomes in congruence with the karyological evidence. The M. chilensis genome comprises 34,530 genes and 4795 non-coding RNAs. A total of 57% of the genome contains repetitive sequences with predominancy of LTR-retrotransposons and unknown elements. Comparative genome analysis of M. chilensis and M. coruscus was conducted, revealing genic rearrangements distributed into the whole genome. Notably, transposable Steamer-like elements associated with horizontal transmissible cancer were explored in reference genomes, suggesting putative relationships at the chromosome level in Bivalvia. Genome expression analysis was also conducted, showing putative genomic differences between two ecologically different mussel populations. The evidence suggests that local genome adaptation and physiological plasticity can be analyzed to develop sustainable mussel production. The genome of M. chilensis provides pivotal molecular knowledge for the Mytilus complex.

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Spatial distribution pattern of Mytilus chilensis beds in the Reloncaví fjord: hypothesis on associated processes

Cited by 9 publications

References 29 publications

Adaptive Differences in Gene Expression in Farm-Impacted Seedbeds of the Native Blue Mussel Mytilus chilensis

Adaptive Differences in Gene Expression in Farm-Impacted Seedbeds of the Native Blue Mussel Mytilus chilensis

Climate and Land Cover Trends Affecting Freshwater Inputs to a Fjord in Northwestern Patagonia

Chromosome-Level Genome Assembly of the Blue Mussel Mytilus chilensis Reveals Molecular Signatures Facing the Marine Environment

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