Spatial distribution, sources, and risk assessment of major ions ad trace elements in rainwater at Puchuncaví Valley, Chile: The impact of industrial activities

Cereceda-Balic, Francisco; Gala-Morales, María de la; Palomo-Marín, Rosario; Fadic, Ximena; Vidal, Víctor; Funes, Mario; Rueda-Holgado, Fernando; Gil, Eduardo Pinilla

doi:10.1016/j.apr.2020.03.003

Cited by 24 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Moreover, the concentrations of all heavy metals in atmospheric depositions in the zinc smelting region were much higher than those in the nonindustrial region. This conclusion is consistent with the results of other studies (Cui et al, 2012;Cereceda-Balic et al, 2020). The concentration of these metals was higher at the MS site, in agreement with the proximity of this location to the zinc smelting plant (Hernández-Pellón and Fernández-Olmo, 2019).…”

Section: Heavy Metal Concentrations In Wet Depositionssupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Given the high background levels of cadmium, lead, and zinc in northwestern Guizhou (Luo and Liu, 2020), the main source of atmospheric deposition may be the soil minerals caused by this geochemical anomaly. Clay and organic colloids can easily absorb heavy metals and fine particles of this soil are the primary source of atmospheric depositions with much higher heavy metal content in the area (Cereceda-Balic et al, 2020). Component 2 (PC2) accounted for 22.0% of the total difference, with Cr and Ni contributing the highest loads.…”

Section: Principal Component Analysis Of the Atmospheric Deposition O...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PCA with Varimax rotation was applied to heavy metal elemental of atmospheric depositions and soil to assess the possible emission sources (Cereceda-Balic et al, 2020). We identified two major emission sources of heavy metal content in atmospheric depositions and soil in HS, and three major emission sources in MS.…”

Section: Principal Component Analysis Of Heavy Metals In Soilmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Superposition Effects of Zinc Smelting Atmospheric Deposition on Soil Heavy Metal Pollution Under Geochemical Anomaly

Liu

et al. 2022

Front. Environ. Sci.

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Guizhou Province is covered by a large area of carbonate rocks where, with a higher background of heavy metals under the geochemical anomaly, more than 3.6 × 105 ha of heavy metal–contaminated soil in the northwest area is related to historical indigenous zinc smelting. To explore the superposition effect of industrial source atmospheric deposition on soil, two watersheds were selected for study: 1) Maoshui reservoir watershed (MS), where there is a zinc smelting plant, and 2) Haishe lake watershed (HS), which was the control. We collected atmospheric depositions and soil for 3 years and analyzed Cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), and zinc (Zn) content. The results show that the heavy metals in the atmospheric deposition of the pollution watershed in MS were much higher than those in the control site, HS. The deposition fluxes of Cd, Pb, Cr, Ni, and Zn in MS were 27.8, 602, 145, 43.9, and 2,225 mg·m−2·a−1, respectively, and were 1.37–2.01 times higher than in HS. Soil heavy metals in MS were 1.01–5.69 times higher than in HS. The elevated concentrations were found focused from northeast to southwest around the plant but was distributed uniformly in HS. The average concentration of Cd, Pb, and Zn in the soil was 6.54, 67.4, and 264 mg·kg−1, respectively, in HS, which represents a high geochemical background even without pollution. After 13 years of deposition by prediction, the contribution of the atmospheric deposition on the soil in the zinc-smelting area was lowest, at 5.10%, for Ni, and highest, at 17.9%, for Cd. Principal component analysis of atmospheric deposition and soil heavy metals reflected that the pollution sources in MS were more diversification than those in HS. Zinc smelting atmospheric deposition showed superposition effects on the accumulation of heavy metals in soil under the geochemical anomaly in this region.

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Section: Heavy Metal Concentrations In Wet Depositionssupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Principal Component Analysis Of the Atmospheric Deposition O...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Principal Component Analysis Of Heavy Metals In Soilmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Superposition Effects of Zinc Smelting Atmospheric Deposition on Soil Heavy Metal Pollution Under Geochemical Anomaly

Liu

et al. 2022

Front. Environ. Sci.

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“…The chemistry-varied rainwater in different environments can further influence the chemical elemental redistribution and biogeochemical cycles on the earth-surface ecosystem, particularly, aquatic ecosystems ( Bhattarai et al, 2019 ; Martins et al, 2019 ). Furthermore, exploring the rainwater chemistry is beneficial for estimating the local atmospheric quality, which could be applied to identify the sources of atmospheric pollutants based on various physical-chemical procedures of different pollutants ( Cereceda-Balic et al, 2020 ; Rouvalis et al, 2009 ; Wei et al, 2020 ). The previous work has categorized three types of major ions (chemical species) origins in rainwater, including curst sources (terrestrial dust), marine sources (sea-salt input), and anthropogenic sources (human emission) ( Jain, Madhavan & Ratnam, 2019 ; Liu et al, 2013 ; Xu et al, 2015 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rainwater chemistry observation in a karst city: variations, influence factors, sources and potential environmental effects

Zeng¹,

Han²

2021

PeerJ

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The rainwater chemistry and related air contaminants are used to investigate the rainwater ions sources, variations, and influence factors from 2012 to 2014 in Guiyang city (the typical karst urban area of Southwest China). According to temporal rainwater ion concentrations, the obvious variations were presented in the study period, such as Ca2+ (125∼6,652 μeq L−1) and SO42− (11∼4,127 μeq L−1). Consequently, Ca2+, Mg2+, SO42− and Cl− are considered as the leading ions. Three critical influencing factors of rainwater ions concentrations, including sources variations, rainfall amount and long-distance migration (rainfall amount > 100 mm) are identified. Based on the typical ionic ratios, source identification suggested that anthropogenic inputs mainly contributed to F−, NO3− and SO42−, while the dusts (crustal sources) are the primary sources of Mg2+, Ca2+ and K+. Cl− Enrichment in long-distance transport is the main contributor of Cl−. According to the observation of high level of total wet acid deposition, the more detailed spatio-temporal monitoring of rainfall-related acid deposition (particularly sulfur deposition) is required to understand its potential environmental effects in the aquatic ecosystem of the earth surface.

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“…In-cloud and below-cloud scavenging processes are the keys to the removal of air contaminants during a whole rainfall event [5,6], and the rainwater pH and chemical species are changed concomitantly [7][8][9]. Moreover, investigating rainwater chemical composition is helpful for understanding air quality, which can be used to explore the origins of air contaminants based on the different physical and chemical processes of these contaminants [10][11][12]. Typically, previous studies have classified the sources of rainwater chemical components (major ions) into three types: sea-salt input (marine sources), terrestrial dust (crustal sources), and human-made emissions (anthropogenic sources) [13][14][15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rainwater Chemistry Reveals Air Pollution in a Karst Forest: Temporal Variations, Source Apportionment, and Implications for the Forest

Zeng

Han

2020

Atmosphere

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Temporal rainwater chemistry was used to reveal air pollution in the Maolan National Karst Forest Park (MNKFP), which is representative of the typical karst forest region of southwest China (SW China). The rainwater ions’ sources, variations, trends, and potential environmental effects were investigated from 2007 to 2010 and from 2013 to 2014. Based on the analysis of the temporal ionic concentrations of rainwater in the MNKFP, significant variations of ions were observed, including in NH4+ (9.7~266.6 μeq L−1) and SO42− (14.5~1396.4 μeq L−1), which were mainly controlled by variations in the source and rainfall amount; a decreased trend of rainwater pH was also observed. Accordingly, NH4+, Ca2+, SO42−, and Cl− were regarded as the most dominant ions. Typical ionic ratios and positive matrix factorization (PMF) model-based source apportionment suggested that anthropogenic inputs (coal combustion, industrial, traffic, and agricultural emissions) contributed 51% of F−, 93% of NO3−, 62% of SO42−, and 87% of NH4+, while the natural sources (crustal dust and sea salt) were the main sources of Cl− (74%), Na+ (82%), K+ (79%), Mg2+ (94%), and Ca2+ (93%). In combination with the reducing neutralization trend of temporal rainwater observed in the MNKFP and the potential effect of rainwater ion deposition on karst forests, more detailed monitoring of the rainfall-related deposition process is required for a better understanding of its potential environmental effects on the Earth’s surface.

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Spatial distribution, sources, and risk assessment of major ions ad trace elements in rainwater at Puchuncaví Valley, Chile: The impact of industrial activities

Cited by 24 publications

References 41 publications

Superposition Effects of Zinc Smelting Atmospheric Deposition on Soil Heavy Metal Pollution Under Geochemical Anomaly

Superposition Effects of Zinc Smelting Atmospheric Deposition on Soil Heavy Metal Pollution Under Geochemical Anomaly

Rainwater chemistry observation in a karst city: variations, influence factors, sources and potential environmental effects

Rainwater Chemistry Reveals Air Pollution in a Karst Forest: Temporal Variations, Source Apportionment, and Implications for the Forest

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