Spatial distributions of tree species in a subtropical forest of China

Lin, Luxiang; Huang, Zhilong; Ye, Wanhui; Cao, Hong‐Lin; Wei, Shi; Wang, Zhigao; Lian, Juyu; Sun, I‐Fang; Ma, Keping; He, Fangliang

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0706.2009.16753.x

Cited by 125 publications

(97 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Because limited resources could not meet the demands of all trees, "self-thinning" was likely triggered; this process caused the distributions to become increasingly random and regular (Li, 2010). We concluded that the results were consistent with those of other studies on spatial patterns (Li et al, 2009;Zhu et al, 2010).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Spatial association and optimum adjacent distribution of trees in a mixed coniferous-broadleaf forest in northeastern China

Zhang¹

2017

Appl Ecol Env Res

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Abstract. The spatial patterns and associations of adjacent tree species among the vertical layers of a forest were analysed with point-pattern statistics (a pair-correlation function) in a 1-ha plot. The hierarchy of tree species from highest to lowest importance values (IVs) was as follows: A. nephrolepis, P. jezoensis, P. koraiensis, and T. amurensis. All trees with a diameter at breast height (DBH) >1.0 cm were identified. (1) Clustered distributions were observed at fine scales for some tree species, possibly caused by environmental heterogeneity, limited seed dispersal or biological characteristics of seeds; however, random or even regular distributions indicated a "self-thinning" process with intra-specific competition.(2) It was also found positive associations at small scales among species pairs in different tree-height classes that might be a function of the shade-tolerance of congeners, different niches or the influence of habitat heterogeneity on niche breadth, whereas significant negative associations at large scales might be caused by adverse anthropogenic interference or existing habitat heterogeneity. (3) Additionally, habitat heterogeneity, limited seed dispersal and inter-specific competition might be the most important factors that influence species spatial patterns and associations; these scenarios can provide new insight into the development of reforestation practices in forest management.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Spatial association and optimum adjacent distribution of trees in a mixed coniferous-broadleaf forest in northeastern China

Zhang¹

2017

Appl Ecol Env Res

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“…One is a dynamic approach where the factors affecting changes in species richness are investigated using data collected from the forests at different successional stages [1]. Another is a statistical approach where the factors are inferred from the existing stand structure and spatial pattern using the data collected in a plot [6]. For example, spatial patterns (aggregation, random, and regular) are usually used to interpret species assembly and coexistence [7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Topographic and Soil Factors on Woody Species Assembly in a Chinese Subtropical Evergreen Broadleaved Forest

Zhao

Xiang

et al. 2015

Forests

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Evergreen broadleaved forests in subtropical China contain a complicated structure of diverse species. The impact of topographic and soil factors on the assembly of woody species in the forest has been poorly understood. We used Ripley's K(t) function to analyze the spatial patterns and associations of dominant species and residual analysis (RDA) to quantify the contribution of topography and soil to species assembly. The 1 ha plot investigated had 4797 stems with a diameter at breast height (dbh) larger than 1 cm that belong to 73 species, 55 genera, and 38 families. All stems of the entire forest and four late successional species exhibited a reversed J shape for dbh distribution, while two early successional species showed a unimodal shape. Aggregation was the major spatial pattern for entire forests and dominant species across vertical layers. Spatial associations between inter-and intra-species were mostly independent. Topographic and soil factors explained 28.1% of species assembly. The forest was close to late succession and showed the characteristics of diverse woody species, high regeneration capacity, and aggregated spatial patterns. Topographic and soil factors affected species assembly, but together they could only explain a small part of total variance.

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“…Armesto et al 1986), there is little information on multi-species patterns of dispersion at diff erent scales. Li et al (2009) found that 92% of species were aggregated at scales <50 m, and Condit et al (2000) found similar results for scales <30 m. Th ese scales correspond to our patterns B and C, but in the PEIC plot 25% of the most abundant species were aggregated at scales >70 m. Clumped distributions are generally the result of association to discrete habitats, patterns of seed dispersal, interspecifi c interactions (e.g. competition, facilitation), and/or expanding or contracting distributions (Hutchings 1997;Valencia et al 2004;Law et al 2009;Li et al 2009), whereas large clumps can be related to environmental heterogeneity.…”

Section: Spatial Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure, diversity, and spatial patterns in a permanent plot of a high Restinga forest in Southeastern Brazil

et al. 2011

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RESUMO(Estrutura, diversidade e padrões espaciais em uma parcela permanente de fl oresta alta de Restinga no Sudeste do Brasil) Nós investigamos a estrutura, diversidade e distribuição de espécies arbóreas em uma parcela de 10,24 ha de uma fl oresta alta de Restinga (FAR) ). A riqueza média foi menor que outros tipos de fl orestas tropicais e outras FAR amostradas em menor intensidade, provavelmente pela juventude e hidromorfi a dos solos na área de estudo. A densidade, área basal, composição e diversidade arbórea variaram consideravelmente de acordo com a classe de tamanho considerada. A parcela estudada teve uma densidade similar a outras fl orestas tropicais, mas com menor área basal (menos indivíduos > 60 cm de diâmetro) e maior densidade de árvores pequenas. Fustes múltiplos não foram frequentes (11% dos indivíduos), mas foram comuns entre as espécies (74% das espécies). A distribuição espacial foi predominantemente agregada, um padrão comum a outros tipos de fl orestas tropicais. Além do substrato arenoso, a parcela estudada e outras fl orestas de areia branca do mundo tiveram padrões muito similares de estrutura, riqueza e diversidade. Assim, consideramos a FAR como um subtipo evidente de fl oresta de areia branca. Palavras ABSTRACT(Structure, composition, and diversity of a high Restinga forest in the Southern Atlantic Forest) We assessed the structure, diversity and distribution of tree species in a 10.24-ha permanent plot of high Restinga forest (HRF) in southeastern Brazil. We sampled 15,040 individuals belonging to 45 families, 87 genera and 116 species (density= 1,468 trees ha -1 , and basal area= 28.0 m 2 ha -1 ). Mean richness was lower than other types of tropical forests and other HRFs that have been less intensively sampled, which is probably due to the younger age and hydromorphy of the soils in the study site. Tree density, basal area, species composition, and diversity all varied considerably depending on the size class considered. The studied plot had a density similar to other tropical forests but with a smaller basal area (fewer individuals > 60 cm in diameter), and higher density of smaller trees. Multi-stemmed individuals were not frequent (11% of the trees), though they were widespread among species (74% of the species). Spatial distribution was predominantly clumped, a pattern common to other types of tropical forests. Besides growing over white-sand soils, the PEIC plot and other white-sand forests of the world also had very similar patterns of community structure, richness and diversity. Therefore, we consider the HRF as a recognizable subtype of white-sand forest.

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Spatial distributions of tree species in a subtropical forest of China

Cited by 125 publications

References 40 publications

Spatial association and optimum adjacent distribution of trees in a mixed coniferous-broadleaf forest in northeastern China

Spatial association and optimum adjacent distribution of trees in a mixed coniferous-broadleaf forest in northeastern China

Effects of Topographic and Soil Factors on Woody Species Assembly in a Chinese Subtropical Evergreen Broadleaved Forest

Structure, diversity, and spatial patterns in a permanent plot of a high Restinga forest in Southeastern Brazil

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