Spatial Epidemiology and Public Health

Shrestha, Shikhar; Stopka, Thomas J.

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-71377-5_4

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 102 publications

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“…Most studies on the effectiveness of PHS on population health outcomes in SSA have investigated the direct effect of PHS on population health outcomes through impact analyses (Akinlo & Sulola, 2019;Arthur & Oaikhenan, 2017;Fayissa & Gutema, 2008;Filmer & Pritchett, 2000;Novignon & Lawanson, 2017;Ssozi & Amlani, 2015;Weibo & Yimer, 2019). Health is never directed by a single isolated factor but rather by a causal chain of elements derived from a complex interaction of prior events (Shrestha & Stopka, 2022). To better understand the population health outcomes resulting from PHS changes in such a complex setting and achieve reliable results, it is worthwhile to consider all potential factors located along the pathways in the association between PHS and population health outcomes.…”

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confidence: 99%

The effectiveness of public health spending in Sub-Saharan Africa.

Kabongo

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effectiveness of public health spending in Sub-Saharan Africa.

Kabongo

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The spatial overlap between risk of intimate partner violence against women and suicide-related emergency calls

Montagud-Andrés,

Marco,

López-Quílez

et al. 2024

European Journal of Public Health

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Intimate partner violence against women (IPVAW) is a global problem, and suicidal behaviour is one of its most serious consequences. However, no study has investigated the spatial overlap between the two. The aim of this paper is to analyse whether there is spatial overlap between IPVAW and suicide-related calls in the same neighbourhoods, and to identify common risk factors. Geocoded data on IPVAW (N = 2060) and suicide-related calls (N = 4916) from the city of Valencia, Spain, between 2019 and 2021 were collected from the 112 emergency service and the Spanish National Police Corps. We used two analytical approaches: (i) a Bayesian spatial Poisson regression modelling analysis to identify the risk factors associated with IPVAW and suicide-related calls; (ii) Bayesian joint spatial modelling to examine the common spatial distribution of these outcomes. Relative risk maps are also displayed and analysed. The study revealed a higher incidence of IPVAW and suicide-related calls in neighbourhoods with lower income and population density, and greater residential instability and immigrant concentration. There was a 70% similarity between high- and low-risk areas for these incidents, with a moderate positive correlation of 0.43. Notably, 98% of IPVAW risk variance was explained by shared factors, while 30% applied to suicide-related calls; high IPVAW risk was also found in peripheral areas, while suicide-related calls were concentrated in the city centre. The findings highlight the need to identify areas with shared risk and neighbourhood characteristics for the development of more effective intervention strategies.

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Effects and Mechanisms of Lactobacillus Probiotics in Maintaining Women’s Vaginal Health: A Review

2024

Sci. Lett.

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Probiotics are beneficial living microorganisms. They are useful to vaginal health when consumed in suitable doses. The dominant species included in probiotics are Lactobacillus. We can get these microbes naturally or commercially utilize them as functional food. Lactobacillus species form 70% of inhabitant bacteria in females compared to other warm-blooded animals. The prevalent Lactobacillus species are L. crispatus, L. gasseri, L. iners and L. jensenii. Because of the development of antibiotic resistance mechanisms, the beneficial relationship between humans and probiotics has been discussed for several years. Lactobacillus prevents the attachment of pathogens by using several mechanisms, for example, by increasing estrogen levels, production of lactic acid, lowering pH 4.0-4.5 to provide an acidic environment, release of hydrogen peroxide, bacteriocins and bacteriocins-like substances, adhesion and colonization properties. Lactobacillus prevent the entry and attachment of pathogenic bacteria, thus not only helping to control and manage different gynecological conditions like bacterial vaginosis, endometriosis, vulvovaginal candidiasis and genitourinary syndrome of menopause but also infections that can spread through sexual contacts such as gonorrhea, chlamydia, genital herpes, Human papillomavirus infections (HPV). Overall, the use of probiotics in improving vaginal health is beneficial, easy and cost-effective but the use of probiotics in HPV clearance is not quite beneficial. So, more work should be done on HPV preventive vaccines.

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Spatial Epidemiology and Public Health

Cited by 3 publications

References 102 publications

The effectiveness of public health spending in Sub-Saharan Africa.

The effectiveness of public health spending in Sub-Saharan Africa.

The spatial overlap between risk of intimate partner violence against women and suicide-related emergency calls

Effects and Mechanisms of Lactobacillus Probiotics in Maintaining Women’s Vaginal Health: A Review

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