Spatial Frequency and the Mediation of Short-Term Visual Storage

Meyer, Glenn E.; Maguire, William

doi:10.1126/science.910146

Cited by 159 publications

(103 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…tion. We know from prior studies (Bowen, Pola, & Matin, 1974;Bowling & Lovegrove, 1980;Breitmeyer, Levi, & Harwerth, 1981;Di Lollo, 1977;Meyer & Maguire, 1977) that with spatially overlapping stimuli, such as comprise the two inner elements, pattern persistencedecreases as stimulus size or duration increases. Hence, as was found (Breitmeyer & Ritter, in press;Petersik & Pantle, 1979), one would expect the ISIs at which transitions from element to group motion occur to decrease.…”

Section: University Of Houston Houston Texasmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, additionally we varied pattern persistence by varying the eccentricity of the entire motion display. Using repetitively flashed vertical square-wave gratings as stimuli (Meyer & Maguire, 1977), Breitmeyer and Halpern (1978) found that a parafoveally centered stimulus yielded shorter measures of pattern persistence than a foveally centered one. Using a variant of a technique originally employed by Allport (1968), in which stimuli (lines or dots) are displayed in a regular spatiotemporal sequence on a cathode ray tube, both Mezrich (1984) and Di Lollo and Hogben (1985) also have shown that effective persistence decreases with eccentricity.…”

Section: University Of Houston Houston Texasmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Visual persistence and the effect of eccentric viewing, element size, and frame duration on bistable stroboscopic motion percepts

Breitmeyer

Ritter

1986

Perception & Psychophysics

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Bistable stroboscopic motion percepts can be generated when two frames, each consisting of three square elements, are presented alternately at varying interstimulus intervals (ISIs). Endto-end element motion is observed at short ISIs; group motion is observed at long ISIs. We found that the ISIs at which transitions from element to group motion occurred decreased as (1) viewing eccentricity, (2) element size, and (3) frame durations increased. Since visual pattern persistence also decreases as each of these three parameters increases, we conclude that such persistence plays a role in determining which percept dominates in bistable stroboscopic motion.One phenomenon that accompanies a briefly displayed stimulus pattern is visual pattern persistence. Two such patterns displayed in spatiotemporal sequence additionally produce the sensation of stroboscopic motion. Since pattern persistence also occurs in two-or multiple-pattern sequences (Allport, 1968;Di Lollo & Hogben, 1985), we can ask how and to what extent persistence and stroboscopic motion are related (e.g., see Farrell, 1984). To address this question, we investigated the competing bistable stroboscopic motion percepts reported by Pantle and Picciano (1976). To produce such percepts, stimuli such as those shown in Figure 1 are presented in cyclic alternation. Frame 1 contains three equispaced and horizontally arrayed elements; Frame 2 contains the same elements displaced to the right by the center-to-center distance separating two adjacent elements. Thus, the two right elements of Frame 1 and the two left elements of Frame 2 overlap spatially. When these two frames are alternately flashed for several cycles at varying interstimuIus intervals (ISIs), one can observe one of two motion percepts, depending on lSI. At short ISIs, one sees the middle two, overlapping elements as stationary and the endmost elements moving back and forth. This perception of end-to-end element motion is replaced at longer ISIs by a perception of group motion in which three elements are seen to move back and forth as a group.In a separate study (Breitmeyer & Ritter, in press), we showed that an overall increase of group motion-and hence a decrease of element motion-could be effected by increasing either element size or, as Petersik and Pantle (1979) had done, frame duration. In particular, the lSI at which transitions from element to group motion occurred decreased with increases in element size or frame durations. These results were interpreted in terms of the Requests for reprints should be directed to B. G. Breitmeyer, Department of Psychology, University of Houston, University Park, Houston, TX 77004. hypothesis that the perception of end-to-end element motion depends on the perception of stationarity of the inner two elements (Braddick, 1980; Braddick & Adlard, 1978;Pantle & Petersik, 1980). That is to say, over successive frames, the spatially overlapping elements are temporally integrated by the perceptual system. Moreover, we suggested that a process responsible for such ...

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Section: University Of Houston Houston Texasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: University Of Houston Houston Texasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual persistence and the effect of eccentric viewing, element size, and frame duration on bistable stroboscopic motion percepts

Breitmeyer

Ritter

1986

Perception & Psychophysics

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“…Conversely, in the persistenceof-form method, the dependent variable is the maximum interval between successive cycles at which pattern is seen to be continuous. Under these conditions, flicker is almost always clearly present (e.g., Meyer & Maguire, 1977). Since there is good evidence that flicker and pattern may be processed independently (e.g., Kulikowski & Tolhurst, 1973), it cannot be assumed that the results of the two types of measurement are equivalent.…”

Section: Persistence-of-form Metbod and Measures Of Flickermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Methods thought to be most inappropriate include persistence-of-form studies (e.g., Bowling, Lovegrove, & Mapperson, 1979;Meyer & Maguire, 1977) and duration-of-stimulus procedures (e.g., Efron, 1970aEfron, , 1970bEfron, , 1970cHaber & Standing, 1970). The successive-field paradigm is considered to be the most effective, although different forms of this method also yield inconsistent results (Long, 1980, p. 810).…”

Section: University O/tasmania Hobart Tasmania 7001 Australiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Iconic memory: Fallacies persist (?)

Bowling

Lovegrove

1982

Perception & Psychophysics

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“…As spatial frequency increases, so does persistence (Bowling & Lovegrove, 1980;Bowling, Lovegrove, & Mapperson, 1979;Lovegrove & Meyer, 1984;Meyer & Maguire, 1977). Persistence has also been shown to vary inversely with the contrast of the stimulus (Bowling & Lovegrove, 1980;Bowling et al, 1979;Marx & May, 1983).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Apparent duration and spatial structure

Hughes

Lishman

Parker

1992

Perception & Psychophysics

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In three experiments, we investigated the relative perceived duration of a full bandwidth image and a set of high-and lowpass filtered images of a scene, briefly presented on a visual display unit. In Experiment 1, the various images were compared with each other, using a paired comparison method. All images were presented for 40 msec, and observers were asked to judge which of each pair of images had the longest duration. The results showed that images containing a wide spatial frequency bandwidth were judged to be of longer duration than were images of a narrower bandwidth, regardless of whether the latter were high-or lowpass filtered. In Experiment 2, a 40-msec presentation of each of the images was compared with a presentation of a probe that was 20, 40, 60, or 80 msec in duration. Observers again judged which of each pair of images had the longest duration. The results were very similar to those of Experiment 1, with wide bandwidth images being judged to be of longer duration than were narrow bandwidth images. In Experiment 3, instead of comparing the various filtered versions of the image with each other, we attempted to obtain a direct measure of perceived duration by comparing a flashing LED to a 40-msec flash of a subset of the images used in the previous experiments. The observers' task was to adjust the duration of the LED flash to match the perceived duration of each image. The results confirmed the results of the previous experiments, again indicating that wide bandwidth images are perceived to have longer phenomenal durations than narrow bandwidth images are perceived to have. These results could be predicted from previous research in the literature on the effects of spatial frequency on perceptual lag but not from research on visual persistence. It is argued that the effects described here can probably be explained best by postulating a link between perceived duration and the integration of separately processed spatial frequency information.

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Spatial Frequency and the Mediation of Short-Term Visual Storage

Cited by 159 publications

References 25 publications

Visual persistence and the effect of eccentric viewing, element size, and frame duration on bistable stroboscopic motion percepts

Visual persistence and the effect of eccentric viewing, element size, and frame duration on bistable stroboscopic motion percepts

Iconic memory: Fallacies persist (?)

Apparent duration and spatial structure

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