Spatial Heterogeneity of Lithogenic Mosaic of Sod-Podzolic Soils of Chudskaya Lowland and Efficiency of Precision Fertilization System

Efficiency of Precision Fertilization System in Grain-Grass Crop Rotation

“…In the Nonchernozem zone of Russia on arable land, it has a complex natural and anthropogenic origin [2,8] associated with the heterogeneity of glacial soil-forming rocks, a pronounced meso-and microrelief, and the uneven use of ameliorants and fertilizers [8][9][10]. But even under conditions of pronounced soil heterogeneity, it is not always possible to achieve a significant increase in efficiency relative to the common technologies [11][12][13]. Among the many reasons, one often has to deal with the limiting effect of the agrophysical properties and water regime of the soil [13,14], the different responsiveness of crops to the precise use of fertilizers [15,16], and spatial and temporal heterogeneity of landscape-ecological conditions [17][18][19].…”

“…But even under conditions of pronounced soil heterogeneity, it is not always possible to achieve a significant increase in efficiency relative to the common technologies [11][12][13]. Among the many reasons, one often has to deal with the limiting effect of the agrophysical properties and water regime of the soil [13,14], the different responsiveness of crops to the precise use of fertilizers [15,16], and spatial and temporal heterogeneity of landscape-ecological conditions [17][18][19].…”

“…Under conditions of favourable moisture supply, typical for the Nonchernozem zone of Russia, a significant effect of the geochemical regimes of drained agricultural microlandscapes on the efficiency of precise fertilizer systems has not yet been established [2,13]. In the presence of confirmed information on the significant dependence of the spatial distribution of microbiological activity and the soil nutrient regime on the relief and microclimatic differentiation of agricultural landscapes [23,26,27], the precision application of organic fertilizers has not received the scientific justification required [2,8].…”

“…Since organomineral fertilizer systems have the best prospects for a set of assessment indicators [2,13,35], the purpose of a comprehensive field study for the first time was to assess the agronomic efficiency of a precise fertilizer system based on the uniform and differentiated use of mineral and organic fertilizers, taking into account the spatial distribution of landscape-ecological conditions and geochemical regimes. The new experimental data and knowledge obtained in it will allow developing of the scientific foundations for precision control of the production process of field crops, increasing the payback of fertilizers and reducing environmental risks.…”

90 Years of Agrophysical Institute as a History of Priority Achievements in Russian and World Agrophysical Science

“…Так, в Меньковском филиале АФИ создана многоуровневая система полевых экспериментов, которая служит методической базой для масштабных фундаментальных и прикладных исследований (60). Благодаря ей с использованием новых методических подходов были существенно развиты фундаментальные и прикладные основы точных систем удобрения посевов (61,62), методология фитосанитарного мониторинга и прикладные аспекты прецизионной интегрированной защиты растений (63,64), разработаны теоретические вопросы взаимодействия мелиорантов с почвой, исследованы адаптационные, агроэкологические и агроэкономические аспекты мелиорации и окультуривания дерново-подзолистых почв, в том числе на вторично осваиваемых сельскохозяйственных угодьях (60,62,65).…”