Spatial inhibition and the visual cortex: A magnetic resonance spectroscopy imaging study

Salo, Ruth; Nordahl, Thomas E.; Buonocore, Michael H.; Natsuaki, Yutaka; Moore, Carl A.; Waters, Christy; Leamon, Martin H.

doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2011.01.014

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…Two out of the 11 studies included in this review examined the relationship between cognitive performance and MRS findings. The results from these two studies demonstrate an association between poorer cognitive performance, specifically attentional control (Salo et al, 2007) and ability to resolve spatial conflict (Salo, Nordahl, et al, 2011) and lower levels of N -acetylaspartate in the anterior cingulate cortex (Salo et al, 2007, Salo, Nordahl, et al, 2011) and the primary visual cortex (Salo, Nordahl, et al, 2011). …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

The Utility of Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy for Understanding Substance Use Disorders

Hellem

Shi

Latendresse

et al. 2015

J Am Psychiatr Nurses Assoc

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The aim of this article is to present a systematic review of magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) studies of substance use disorders. As a noninvasive and nonionizing imaging technique, MRS is being widely used in substance abuse research to evaluate the effects substances of abuse have on brain chemistry. Nearly 40 peer-reviewed research articles that focused on the utility of MRS in alcohol, methamphetamine, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine, cocaine, opiates, opioids, marijuana, and nicotine use disorders were reviewed. Findings indicate inconsistencies with respect to alterations in brain chemistry within each substance of abuse, and the most consistent finding across substances was decreased N-acetylaspartate and choline levels with chronic alcohol, methamphetamine, and nicotine use. Variation in the brain regions studied, imaging technique, as well as small sample sizes might explain the discrepancies in findings within each substance. Future well-designed MRS studies offer promise in examining novel treatment approaches in substance use disorders.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

The Utility of Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy for Understanding Substance Use Disorders

Hellem

Shi

Latendresse

et al. 2015

J Am Psychiatr Nurses Assoc

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“…This is 1 of only 2 proton MRSI studies of the brain in subjects who had chronically abused methamphetamine; the other is by Howells et al (2014) . As noted, several studies used single-voxel proton MRS to investigate effects of methamphetamine abuse on neurometabolites ( Ernst et al, 2000 ; Nordahl et al, 2002 2005 ; Sekine et al, 2002 ; Chang et al, 2005 ; Salo et al, 2007 2011a 2011b ; Sung et al, 2007 ; Taylor et al, 2007 ; Sailasuta et al, 2010 ; Cloak et al, 2011 ; Howells et al, 2014 ). Most studies predominantly examined patients who had been long-term abstinent from methamphetamine.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glutamatergic Neurometabolites during Early Abstinence from Chronic Methamphetamine Abuse

O’Neill¹,

Tobias²,

Hudkins³

et al. 2014

International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology

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Background:The acute phase of abstinence from methamphetamine abuse is critical for rehabilitation success. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy has detected below-normal levels of glutamate+glutamine in anterior middle cingulate of chronic methamphetamine abusers during early abstinence, attributed to abstinence-induced downregulation of the glutamatergic systems in the brain. This study further explored this phenomenon.Methods:We measured glutamate+glutamine in additional cortical regions (midline posterior cingulate, midline precuneus, and bilateral inferior frontal cortex) putatively affected by methamphetamine. We examined the relationship between glutamate+glutamine in each region with duration of methamphetamine abuse as well as the depressive symptoms of early abstinence. Magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging was acquired at 1.5 T from a methamphetamine group of 44 adults who had chronically abused methamphetamine and a control group of 23 age-, sex-, and tobacco smoking-matched healthy volunteers. Participants in the methamphetamine group were studied as inpatients during the first week of abstinence from the drug and were not receiving treatment.Results:In the methamphetamine group, small but significant (5–15%, P<.05) decrements (vs control) in glutamate+glutamine were observed in posterior cingulate, precuneus, and right inferior frontal cortex; glutamate+glutamine in posterior cingulate was negatively correlated (P<.05) with years of methamphetamine abuse. The Beck Depression Inventory score was negatively correlated (P<.005) with glutamate+glutamine in right inferior frontal cortex.Conclusions:Our findings support the idea that glutamatergic metabolism is downregulated in early abstinence in multiple cortical regions. The extent of downregulation may vary with length of abuse and may be associated with severity of depressive symptoms emergent in early recovery.

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“…Proton MR spectroscopy was performed in the visual cortex using the stimulated-echo-acquisition-mode (STEAM) pulse sequence by centering a single voxel mid-sagittally at the calcarine sulcus to cover both upper and lower visual field representations of both hemispheres with the following parameters: TR = 2 s, TE = 30 ms, mixing time (TM) = 10 ms, flip angle = 90°, voxel size = 20 × 25 × 30 mm 3 , water suppression bandwidth = 35 Hz, spectral bandwidth = 1200 Hz, 128 averages. The voxel of interest was positioned to exclude the lipid of the skull and the subcutaneous fat 38 39 . Diffusion tensor MR imaging was acquired covering the whole brain using spin-echo EPI diffusion-weighted sequences with the following parameters: 12 diffusion gradient directions at diffusion weighting factor (b) = 850 s/mm 2 and one b = 0 s/mm 2 (b 0 ), TR = 5.2 s, TE = 80 ms, field of view = 20.5 × 20.5 cm 2 , 104 × 104 imaging matrix, and 38 axial slices at 3 mm thickness.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retinal Structures and Visual Cortex Activity are Impaired Prior to Clinical Vision Loss in Glaucoma

Murphy

Teng

Lawrence

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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Glaucoma is the second leading cause of blindness worldwide and its pathogenesis remains unclear. In this study, we measured the structure, metabolism and function of the visual system by optical coherence tomography and multi-modal magnetic resonance imaging in healthy subjects and glaucoma patients with different degrees of vision loss. We found that inner retinal layer thinning, optic nerve cupping and reduced visual cortex activity occurred before patients showed visual field impairment. The primary visual cortex also exhibited more severe functional deficits than higher-order visual brain areas in glaucoma. Within the visual cortex, choline metabolism was perturbed along with increasing disease severity in the eye, optic radiation and visual field. In summary, this study showed evidence that glaucoma deterioration is already present in the eye and the brain before substantial vision loss can be detected clinically using current testing methods. In addition, cortical cholinergic abnormalities are involved during trans-neuronal degeneration and can be detected non-invasively in glaucoma. The current results can be of impact for identifying early glaucoma mechanisms, detecting and monitoring pathophysiological events and eye-brain-behavior relationships, and guiding vision preservation strategies in the visual system, which may help reduce the burden of this irreversible but preventable neurodegenerative disease.

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Spatial inhibition and the visual cortex: A magnetic resonance spectroscopy imaging study

Cited by 12 publications

References 71 publications

The Utility of Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy for Understanding Substance Use Disorders

The Utility of Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy for Understanding Substance Use Disorders

Glutamatergic Neurometabolites during Early Abstinence from Chronic Methamphetamine Abuse

Retinal Structures and Visual Cortex Activity are Impaired Prior to Clinical Vision Loss in Glaucoma

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