Spatial isolation and genetic differentiation in naturally fragmented plant populations of the Swiss Alps

Kuss, Patrick; Pluess, Andrea R.; Ægisdóttir, Hafdís Hanna; Stöcklin, Jürg

doi:10.1093/jpe/rtn009

Cited by 39 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…Leptogalium confirmed the current taxonomic division proposed by Ehrendorfer (1960) on the basis of their morphological characters. The studied species have similar values of mean genetic diversity (FST) which is in concordance with these of other species characterized by narrow geographical range, a relatively narrow ecological scale and a natural fragmentation of population, as Campanula thyrsoides and Epilobium fleischeri (Kuss et al 2008), Eryngium alpinum (Gaudeul et al 2000). These values correspond also with these of species included in literature into the group of "long-lived perennials" (Nybom 2004), the group to which the studied Galium species undoubtedly belong.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Genetic diversity of Galium cracoviense, G. oelandicum and G. sudeticum (Rubiaceae)

Cieślak

Szeląg

2011

Acta Soc Bot Pol

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Galium sect. Leptogalium Lange in NE Europe is represented by few, local endemic species which occur in the area covered by the continental ice sheet in the Pleistocene period. They are: G. cracoviense Ehrend. in S Poland, G. oelandicum (Sterner & Hyl.) Ehrend. in SE Sweden and G. sudeticum Tausch in SW Poland and N Czech Republic. 55 individuals from five populations of these species were analysed using AFLP markers. A total of 193 AFLP bands were detected using three combinations of primers; out of them 159 proved polymorphic (82.4%).The lowest values of Shannon's index and Nei's gene diversity were noted for G. oelandicum and the highest ones for G. sudeticum. The results indicate a relatively high level of genetic variability in each of endemic species in spite of that the studied species occupy very small areas and are represented by a low number of populations. We conclude that additional, demographic and genetic studies are necessary to monitor potential decrease of populations' size resulting mainly from the mechanical destruction of plants and their habitats caused by intense tourism or other human activities (as agriculture, e.g. grazing).

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Genetic diversity of Galium cracoviense, G. oelandicum and G. sudeticum (Rubiaceae)

Cieślak

Szeląg

2011

Acta Soc Bot Pol

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“…In all two species, we found that genetic connectivity among populations decreases with increasing spatial distance: a result of natural fragmentation. Indeed, as revealed in Campanula thyrsoides L., Epilobium fleischeri Hochst., and Geum reptans L. by Kuss et al, 50 the plots showed that populations grouped without overlap agreed with their geographical location as supported by AMOVA. The PCoA plot of C. rapunculoides genotypes clearly demarcated the differences between the four populations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Consequences of Geographical Habitats on Population Structure and Genetic Diversity in Campanula spp.

Caser

Scariot

Arens³

2010

IJPB

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Characterization of populations by means of DNA techniques provides a tool for precise identification and a quantitative estimate of genetic diversity, crucial in evaluation of genetic fragmentation within and among populations. NBS profiling are PCR-based approaches that sample genetic variation in resistance genes (R-gene), and R gene analogs (RGA). To date, myb patterns have not been used for evaluating genetic diversity in other species. NBS primers are homologous to the conserved sequences in the NucleotideBinding-Site of the NBS-LRR class of R-genes. A total of 12 populations from five Campanula species (C. barbata L., C. latifolia L., C. rapunculoides L., C. spicata L. and C. trachelium L.), autochthonous of the West Italian Alps, were genotyped via nucleotide-binding site (NBS) and myb gene profiling. The selected markers produced a total of 361 bands, showing high levels of polymorphism. Genetic diversity among and within species and population structure was evaluated by different statistical analyses performed using TREECON software, Mantel Nonparametric Test, NTSYS package, AMOVA and STRUCTURE. The correlation between genetic variability and geographical location suggests that the five Campanula species have been subjected to long-term evolutionary processes consistent with the natural fragmentation of continuous mountains areas.

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“…Many studies have shown that spatial isolation and small population size may negatively affect many rare plant species, limiting genetic exchanges between populations, reducing plant fitness and viability, and increasing the risk of extinction (Young, Boyle and Brown 1996;Frankham and Ralls 1998;Lu, Waller and David 2005;Leimu et al 2006;Aguilar et al 2008;Kuss et al 2008). Nonetheless, natural fragmentation is a frequent feature in alpine species, due to the effects of Quaternary history, pronounced mountainous topography and related abiotic heterogeneity (Kuss et al 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nonetheless, natural fragmentation is a frequent feature in alpine species, due to the effects of Quaternary history, pronounced mountainous topography and related abiotic heterogeneity (Kuss et al 2008). Diverse life history traits of different plants may make them more or less vulnerable to fragmentation effects, i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synecology, conservation status and IUCN assessment ofPotentilla fruticosaL. in the Italian Alps

Lonati

Pascale²,

Operti³

et al. 2014

Acta Botanica Gallica

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Potentilla fruticosa L. is a self-incompatible clonal shrub, characterized by a wide circumpolar distribution (Asia and North America). In Europe the species has many peripheral isolated populations, and within the Alps it is confined to a restricted area of the Maritime Alps (Italy and France). In alpine environments P. fruticosa is affected by a significant lack of information about current population status and little and conflicting information is reported about its potential habitat. Our study investigated P. fruticosa populations on the Italian side of the Alps to evaluate its synecology, syntaxonomy, and conservation status. Results showed that six out of the seven populations inventoried in the area during the study, consisted of 20 or fewer individuals, and only one included a high number of plants. The species was observed in the study area within the Caricetum frigidae association (Caricion davallianae alliance), very close to small creeks characterized by fairly constant water levels. In the Italian Alps P. fruticosa has a very restricted geographic range, estimated at around 16 km 2 (EOO). Isolation of populations affected viable seed production. A continuing decline in the quality and extent of the habitat is expected due to the continuing abandonment of pastures that began 40 years ago in the study area. According to the most recent IUCN categories and criteria the species should be listed at the regional/national level as Critically Endangered (CR).Keywords: Caricion davallianae; endangered species; grazing abandonment; population viability; spatial

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Spatial isolation and genetic differentiation in naturally fragmented plant populations of the Swiss Alps

Cited by 39 publications

References 65 publications

Genetic diversity of Galium cracoviense, G. oelandicum and G. sudeticum (Rubiaceae)

Genetic diversity of Galium cracoviense, G. oelandicum and G. sudeticum (Rubiaceae)

Consequences of Geographical Habitats on Population Structure and Genetic Diversity in Campanula spp.

Synecology, conservation status and IUCN assessment ofPotentilla fruticosaL. in the Italian Alps

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