Spatial Learning and Memory in Barnes Maze Test and Synaptic Potentiation in Schaffer Collateral-CA1 Synapses of Dorsal Hippocampus in Freely Moving Rats

Sadeghian, Azam; Fathollahi, Yaghoub; Javan, Mohammad; Shojaei, Amir; Kosarmadar, Nastaran; Rezaei, Mahmoud; Mirnajafi‐Zadeh, Javad

doi:10.32598/bcn.9.10.330

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…We next assessed phenotypic modifications of astrocytes ( Figure 3 b,c) and microglia ( Figure 4 ). We quantified the density of the astrocytes population (GFAP+ cells) within the hippocampal CA1 region, a brain area involved in synaptic plasticity and spatial memory mechanisms [ 37 ] ( Figure 3 b,c). We first observed that astrocyte density was considerably lower (by 40%) in WSB/EiJ CA1 than in C57BL/6J strain (Strain effect p = 0.0001).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Fine Regulation of the Hippocampal Thyroid Signalling Protects Hypothyroid Mice against Glial Cell Activation

Chamas¹,

Seugnet²,

Poirier

et al. 2022

IJMS

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Adult-onset hypothyroidism is associated with learning and cognitive dysfunctions, which may be related to alterations in synaptic plasticity. Local reduced levels of thyroid hormones (THs) may impair glia morphology and activity, and promote the increase of pro-inflammatory cytokine levels mainly in the hippocampus. Given that neuroinflammation induces memory impairments, hypothyroidism-related glia dysfunction may participate in brain disorders. Thus, we investigated the mechanisms linking hypothyroidism and neuroinflammation, from a protective perspective. We induced hypothyroidism in adult C57BL/6J and wild-derived WSB/EiJ male mice by a seven-week propylthiouracil (PTU) treatment. We previously showed that WSB/EiJ mice were resistant to high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity, showing no neuroinflammatory response through adaptive abilities, unlike C57BL/6J. As PTU and HFD treatments are known to induce comparable inflammatory responses, we hypothesized that WSB/EiJ mice might also be protected against hypothyroidism-induced neuroinflammation. We showed that hypothyroid WSB/EiJ mice depicted no hippocampal neuroinflammatory response and were able to maintain their hippocampal thyroid signalling despite low circulatisng TH levels. In contrast, C57BL/6J mice exhibited disturbed hippocampal TH signalling, accompanied by neuroinflammation and memory impairment. Our results reinforce the preponderance of the hippocampal TH regulatory system over TH circulating levels in the hippocampal glial reactivity.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Fine Regulation of the Hippocampal Thyroid Signalling Protects Hypothyroid Mice against Glial Cell Activation

Chamas¹,

Seugnet²,

Poirier

et al. 2022

IJMS

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“…Despite similar search strategies and learning outcomes, there was evidence of sex-specific effects of running on reversal learning on the Barnes maze. The non-spatial serial search strategy (Video S1) is not uncommon in Sprague-Dawley rats [128] that have lower visual acuity than other strains (e.g., Long-Evans and Wistar) [128,132] where using a serial search strategy may be more efficient. Notably, the increase in errors made from the probe to reversal learning trials was higher in WR females compared to their Sed counterparts, whereas there was no such group difference in males.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex-Dependent Wheel Running Effects on High Fat Diet Preference, Metabolic Outcomes, and Performance on the Barnes Maze in Rats

2020

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Excessive and prolonged intake of highly palatable, high fat (HF) foods contributes to the pathogenesis of obesity, metabolic syndrome, and cognitive impairment. Exercise can restore energy homeostasis and suppress HF diet preference in rats. However, it is unclear if exercise confers similar protection against the detrimental outcomes associated with a chronic HF diet preference and feeding in both sexes. We used our wheel running (WR) and two-diet choice (chow vs. HF) paradigm to investigate the efficacy of exercise in reversing HF diet-associated metabolic and cognitive dysregulation in rats, hypothesizing that beneficial effects of exercise would be more pronounced in males. All WR rats showed HF diet avoidance upon running initiation, and males, but not females, had a prolonged reduction in HF diet preference. Moreover, exercise only improved glucose tolerance and insulin profile in males. Compared to sedentary controls, all WR rats improved learning to escape on the Barnes maze. Only WR females increased errors made during subsequent reversal learning trials, indicating a sex-dependent effect of exercise on behavioral flexibility. Taken together, our results suggest that exercise is more effective at attenuating HF-associated metabolic deficits in males, and highlights the importance of developing sex-specific treatment interventions for obesity and cognitive dysfunction.

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“…Synapses are specialized junctions between neurons in the brain that transmit and compute information, thereby connecting neurons into millions of overlapping and interdigitated neural circuits 50 . Synaptic plasticity has been suggested as the primary physiological mechanism underlying memory formation 51 . Abnormal synaptic structure or function in childhood can lead to dysfunction of the central nervous system, which is manifested as a decrease in learning and memory abilities and mental deficiency 52 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…50 Synaptic plasticity has been suggested as the primary physiological mechanism underlying memory formation. 51 Abnormal synaptic structure or function in childhood can lead to dysfunction of the central nervous system, which is manifested as a decrease in learning and memory abilities and mental deficiency. 52 In contrast to the results of a previous report that showed no significant alterations in the synapses, 41 we found that the synapses of rats became shorter and thicker in the high-dose PQ + MB treatment group, showing serious dysfunction of the central nervous system.…”

Section: Adolescent Exposure To Pq + Mb Decreased the Hippocampal Amentioning

confidence: 99%

The protective function of taurine on pesticide‐induced permanent neurodevelopmental toxicity in juvenile rats

Liu

Yuan

et al. 2020

FASEB j.

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Numerous studies have confirmed that prenatal or early postnatal exposure to pesticides can lead to functional deficits in the developing brain. This study aimed to investigate whether combined exposure to paraquat (PQ) and maneb (MB) during puberty could cause permanent toxic effects in the neural system of rats. In addition, the neuroprotective function of taurine (T) and its possible mechanism were investigated. Rats were administered PQ + MB intragastrically for 12 continuous weeks, while taurine dissolved in water was fed to the rats for 24 continuous weeks. In the behavioral tests, the rats' trajectories became complex, and the reaction latencies and mistake frequencies increased. Significant changes were found in the hippocampal neurons of the PQ + MB groups but not in the taurine treatment groups. PQ + MB stimulated cAMP to reduce the production of protein kinase A (PKA) and inhibited the activation of other elements, such as brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), cAMP response element binding protein (CREB), phospho‐CREB (p‐CREB), immediate‐early genes (IEGs)Arc, and c‐Fos. Importantly, taurine regulated the level of cAMP and the expression of the abovementioned proteins. Together, our findings implied that adolescent exposure to PQ + MB may impact the behavior and cognitive function of rats via the cAMP‐PKA‐CREB signaling pathway, while taurine may in turn exert neuroprotection by diminishing these impacts.

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Spatial Learning and Memory in Barnes Maze Test and Synaptic Potentiation in Schaffer Collateral-CA1 Synapses of Dorsal Hippocampus in Freely Moving Rats

Cited by 9 publications

References 41 publications

A Fine Regulation of the Hippocampal Thyroid Signalling Protects Hypothyroid Mice against Glial Cell Activation

A Fine Regulation of the Hippocampal Thyroid Signalling Protects Hypothyroid Mice against Glial Cell Activation

Sex-Dependent Wheel Running Effects on High Fat Diet Preference, Metabolic Outcomes, and Performance on the Barnes Maze in Rats

The protective function of taurine on pesticide‐induced permanent neurodevelopmental toxicity in juvenile rats

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