Spatial Mapping of a Highly Non-Uniform Distribution of Particle-Bound PAH in a Densely Populated Urban Area

Abstract

In this work, a 2-D gridded air pollution map with a high resolution of 50 × 50 m2 was proposed to help the exposure assessment studies focusing on the association between air pollutants and their health effects. To establish a reliable air pollution map in a 2 × 2 km2 urban area, a mobile monitoring procedure and a data process were developed. Among the various vehicle-related air pollutants, the particle-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (pPAH) was chosen as a sensitive indicator. The average pPAH concentration on major roads (293.1 ng/m3) was found to be 35 times higher than that at a background location (8.4 ng/m3). Based on the cell-based pPAH concentrations, the 50 × 50 m2 cells in the air pollution map were categorized into five pollution levels. The higher air pollution levels were generally shown by the cells close to the major traffic emission points. The proposed map can be used to make various policies regarding land use and traffic flow control in urban areas. Estimation of the personal exposure level to air pollutants is possible at a reliable location using the highly resolved 2-D gridded air pollution map in exposure assessment studies.

Temporal-Spatial Characteristics of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) near Petrochemical Industrial Complex using PTR-ToF-MS

“…At the halfway point between sections (11) and ( 12) is a garbage storage facility for storing waste discharged from the petrochemical complex. Section ( 14) also has a large petroleum industrial facility, and section (15) has multiple are stacks.…”

“…and then the delay of GPS data can occur due to the Sensitivity of the equipment when data analysis. However, it is widely used for analyzing local pollution because it can con rm the real-time temporal-spatial distribution, and concentration level(Woo et al, 2013;Kim et al, 2015;Kim et al, 2019;Kim et al, 2020…”

Spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of volatile organic compounds in Bucheon, Korea analyzed using mobile laboratory and proton-transfer-reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometry methods

“…MLs enable real-time measurement of the spatiotemporal distributions and concentrations of air pollutants within a target area. However, the time delay between the flow of pollutants into the inlet and measurement, non-uniform absorption due to the physical characteristics of different pollutants, and separation from Global Positioning System (GPS) data due to equipment sensitivity may affect the results [16,[18][19][20][21][22]. In this study, proton-transfer-reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometry (PTR-ToF-MS; Ionicon Analytik, Innsbruck, Austria), which can acquire and analyze data on individual VOCs in real time, was used as the main measurement technology.…”

Determination of the Spatial Distribution of Air Pollutants in Bucheon, Republic of Korea, in Winter Using a GIS-Based Mobile Laboratory

“…However, there are time delays between the flow of pollutants into the inlet and measurement, difficulties in uniform absorption due to the physical characteristics of different pollutants, and separation from GPS data due to equipment sensitivity. Regardless, MLs are widely used, and the limitations can be compensated for according to the engineering design of the inlet [4,[18][19][20][21][22].…”