Spatial mapping of the mechanical properties of the living retina using scanning force microscopy

Franze, Kristian; Francke, Mike; Günter, Katrin; Christ, Andreas; Körber, Nicole; Reichenbach, Andreas; Guck, Jochen

doi:10.1039/c0sm01017k

Cited by 89 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…For the bulk brain, typical elastic moduli reported range from a few 100 Pa to about 10 kPa in oscillatory shear rheological measurements in vitro, depending on strain, shear rate, preconditioning and several other factors 48 . This also holds for the spinal cord 48,53 and retina 54 . On a smaller scale, depending on the region of the CNS, different types, spatial orientations and relative numbers of neurons, glial cells and their processes, as well as different amounts of ECM, contribute to the mechanical properties measured 53,[55][56][57][58][59] .…”

Section: Tissue Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Materials and technologies for soft implantable neuroprostheses

2016

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| Implantable neuroprostheses are engineered systems designed to restore or substitute function for individuals with neurological deficits or disabilities. These systems involve at least one uni-or bidirectional interface between a living neural tissue and a synthetic structure, through which information in the form of electrons, ions or photons flows. Despite a few notable exceptions, the clinical dissemination of implantable neuroprostheses remains limited, because many implants display inconsistent long-term stability and performance, and are ultimately rejected by the body. Intensive research is currently being conducted to untangle the complex interplay of failure mechanisms. In this Review, we emphasize the importance of minimizing the physical and mechanical mismatch between neural tissues and implantable interfaces. We explore possible materials solutions to design and manufacture neurointegrated prostheses, and outline their immense therapeutic potential. NATURE REVIEWS | MATERIALSADVANCE ONLINE PUBLICATION | 1 REVIEWS© 2 0 1 6 M a c m i l l a n P u b l i s h e r s L i m i t e d , p a r t o f S p r i n g e r N a t u r e . A l l r i g h t s r e s e r v e d .

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Section: Tissue Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Materials and technologies for soft implantable neuroprostheses

2016

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“…The values of the elastic modulus of the retina are in a large range, from 0.3 to 125 KPa [13,14,16,18,20,21], which may be due to different measurement methods, different species, and different assay conditions. For example, the results of the elastic modulus of porcine retina obtained using scanning force microscopy in vivo is smaller than if a simple tension test is used [4,13,18,21]. The results of the elastic modulus of porcine retina are also different for different temperatures in simple tension tests [18].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A method based on the wrinkling periodicity of epiretinal membranes and contraction-induced choroidal folds to study the elastic properties of the retina and of the choroid showed that the Young's modulus of the choroid is larger than the retina's [12]. Scanning force microscopy was used to measure the local mechanical properties of the inner surface of the guinea pig retina [21]. By comparing the spreading behavior of a liquid on the retina with that of the same liquid on each of two viscoelastic materials, Grant et al estimated the elastic moduli of the retina [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A method to determine the mechanical properties of the retina based on an experiment in vivo

Qian

Zhang

Liu

2015

BME

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Abstract.A method is proposed to determine the mechanical properties of retina based on in vivo experiments and numerical simulations. First, saline water was injected into the anterior chamber of the right eye of a cat to cause acute high intraocular pressure. After the eye was scanned using optical coherence tomography under different acute high intraocular pressures, the images of the retina in vivo were obtained and the thickness of the retina was calculated. Then, the three-dimensional structure of the optic nerve head including the retina and the choroid were reconstructed using image processing technology. Three different material models for the retina and the choroid were taken and the finite element models of the optic nerve head were constructed. Finally, an inverse method was proposed to determine the parameters of a constitutive model of the retina and of the choroid simultaneously. The results showed that the deformation of the retina can be properly simulated taking into consideration the nonlinear elastic properties of the retina and of the choroid.

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“…It has also been suggested that these cells are able to regulate the biomechanical properties of the retina through changes in the expression of cytoskeletal intermediary filaments, such as GFAP and vimentin [28][29][30]. Müller cells have been found to express mechanosensory Ca 2+ ion channels [2,[31][32][33] which respond to changes in cell membrane tensility by Ca 2+ influx [31,35]. The influx of Ca 2+ can in turn cause an upregulation of intermediary filaments, thereby stiffening the tissue, an event associated with reactive gliosis [29,30,[33][34][35][36].…”

Section: The Role Of Müller Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These include intraocular pressure and adhesion to retinal pigment epithelium at the outer border and the vitreous membrane at the inner border [1,2]. Loss of of these stabilizing forces is associated with a rapid gliotic response and neuronal cell death, both in explant cultures and diseases such as retinal detachment [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Mitochondria, Oxidative Stress, and the Radical-binding Protein A1M in Cultured Porcine Retina

Åkerström

Cederlund

Bergwik

et al. 2017

Current Eye Research

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Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between oxidative stress, antioxidant defense, mitochondrial structure and biomechanical tissue support in the isolated porcine retina. Methods:Full-thickness retinal sheets were isolated from adult porcine eyes. Retinas were cultured for 2 or 48 hours using 1) a previously established low-support explant protocol with photoreceptors positioned against the culture membrane (porous polycarbonate) or 2) a high-support procedure developed by our group, apposing the Müller cell endfeet and inner limiting membrane (ILM) against the membrane. The grafts were analyzed by quantitative PCR, immunohistochemistry, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and culture medium was assayed for the cell damage and oxidative stress markers lactate dehydrogenase and protein carbonyls. Results:In explants cultured with physical support to the inner border, cone photoreceptors were preserved and lactate dehydrogenase levels were reduced, although an initial (2h), transient, increased oxidative stress was observed. Elevated expression of the antioxidants A1M (α1-microglobulin) and heme oxygenase-1 were seen in the mitochondria-rich inner segments after 48h compared to low-support counterparts.Housekeeping gene expression suggested a higher degree of structural integrity of mitochondria in high-support explants, and TEM of inner segments confirmed preservation of a normal mitochondrial morphology. Conclusion:Providing retinal explants with inner retinal support leads to mobilization of antioxidant proteins, preservation of mitochondrial function and increased cell viability.Consequently, the failure of low-support retinal cultures to mobilize an adequate response to 2 the oxidative environment may play an key role in their rapid demise. These findings shed new light on pathological reactions in biomechanically related conditions in vivo.

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Spatial mapping of the mechanical properties of the living retina using scanning force microscopy

Cited by 89 publications

References 42 publications

Materials and technologies for soft implantable neuroprostheses

Materials and technologies for soft implantable neuroprostheses

A method to determine the mechanical properties of the retina based on an experiment in vivo

The Role of Mitochondria, Oxidative Stress, and the Radical-binding Protein A1M in Cultured Porcine Retina

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