Spatial Pattern Change and Ecosystem Service Value Dynamics of Ecological and Non-Ecological Redline Areas in Nanjing, China

Abstract

Ecological conservation red line (ECRL) is gaining increasing academic attention as delimiting the minimum space scope of ecological protection and the bottom line of ecological security. Taking Nanjing as a case study, we divided the territory into ecological and non-ecological redline areas (ERAs and NERAs, respectively). This paper highlights two key research issues based on the 2005, 2010, 2015 and 2018 annual remote sensing data: (i) quantitative analysis of the Ecological Redline Policy (ERP) validity by conducting a horizontal comparison of the ERAs and NERAs; and (ii) exploration of the land-use transitions and spatial pattern changes affecting ecosystem service value (ESV). Results showed that delineating ECRL could effectively slow down the decline rate of ESV. The trend of eco-quality deterioration was greater than eco-quality improvement in Nanjing, presenting an ESV that declined slightly in the whole. According to our findings, we suggest that reasonably increasing eco-lands (woodland and water area) and decreasing construction land will enhance the regional ESV. Meanwhile, promoting the transition from production space to ecological space and depressing the encroachment of living space on other space types, will be instrumental in mitigating the ESV decline. The results of this study are expected to provide valuable implications for spatial planning and sustainable development in Nanjing.

Protection Effect and Vacancy of the Ecological Protection Redline: A Case Study in Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macao Greater Bay Area, China

“…The results showed that compared with other scenarios, the implementation of the EPR policy will significantly improve carbon sequestration, water retention, water purification, soil conservation, and biodiversity maintenance service, and bring about the improvement of ecological connectivity. Research showed that EPR policy can effectively slow down the decline of ESV by comparing the ecosystem service value of EPR areas and non-EPR areas [5]. Consistent with the above research, this study also showed that EPR policy has high protection efficiency for water conservation, soil conservation, and biodiversity maintain service.…”

“…The data used in this article include: (1) 2020 land use data, obtained from the Resource and Environmental Science Data Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, having a spatial resolution of 100 m and providing 6 first-level categories and 22 secondary categories; (2) multi-year cumulative annual rainfall and rainfall erosivity data, provided by the China National Earth System Science Data Center; (3) multi-year potential evapotranspiration raster data, obtained from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration MOD16A2 data; (4) multi-year vegetation net primary productivity data, obtained from NASA mod17A3 products; (5) 8) nature reserve data of Hong Kong, including country parks, areas with special scientific value, nature conservation areas, and restricted areas, obtained from the "Hong Kong Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan 2016-2021" (the ecological reserve in Macao was vectorized by using a map); ( 9) night-light data, obtained from the International Organization for Earth Observation.…”

“…Ecological connectivity refers to the degree to which the landscape facilitates or impedes movement among source patches, which is a vital element of ecological structure and crucial to ecological processes [4]. Current research focusing on the protective effects of EPR on one or more ESs (values) showed that EPR has protected ESs effectively [2,[5][6][7]. However, these studies did not consider the effect of the EPR in maintaining ecological connectivity.…”

Two-Step Measurement of Water–Energy–Food Symbiotic Coordination and Identification of Key Influencing Factors in the Yangtze River Basin

“…In the selection of research scope in the Yangtze River Basin, some studies specifically select a single typical city in the Yangtze River Basin [ 62 ], and some studies select the sub-basins below the Yangtze River Basin [ 63 ]. From the perspective of water–energy–food symbiosis, this research studies the degree of symbiotic coordination of the WEF ecosystem in the Yangtze River Basin, and takes into account the social, economic and ecological environment.…”

Assessing Ecological Infrastructure Investments—A Case Study of Water Rights Trading in Lu’an City, Anhui Province, China

“…For example, Wong CP et al [31] used a new interdisciplinary ecological production function to evaluate four ecosystem services in the Beijing Yongding River Green Ecological Corridor. Provides measurement standards such as the marginal value linking ecosystem characteristics and services; Labarraque D et al [32] linked the loss of ecosystem services to the direct and indirect impacts of infrastructure construction, which expanded the scope of infrastructure project evaluation; Yang, M et al [33] evaluated the changes in the value of ecosystem services on the basis of distinguishing ecological red line areas. Similar studies have failed to take into account the society's demand for services generated by the construction of ecological infrastructure.…”