Spatial regulation of microtubule-dependent transport by septin GTPases

Spiliotis, Elias T.; Kesisova, Ilona A.

doi:10.1016/j.tcb.2021.06.004

Cited by 25 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 99 publications

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“…Septins are associated membrane and microtubule filaments and are involved in cytokinesis, vesicle trafficking, or subcellular compartmentalization of membrane in somatic cells. 164 , 165 …”

Section: Proteins Compose the Axonemal Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…This complex is organized into a higher‐order structure such as filament, lattice, or ring, depending on the cell types and conditions. Septins are associated membrane and microtubule filaments and are involved in cytokinesis, vesicle trafficking, or subcellular compartmentalization of membrane in somatic cells 164,165 …”

Section: Proteins Compose the Axonemal Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular basis of the morphogenesis of sperm head and tail in mice

Yogo

2022

Reprod Medicine & Biology

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Background The spermatozoon has a complex molecular apparatus necessary for fertilization in its head and flagellum. Recently, numerous genes that are needed to construct the molecular apparatus of spermatozoa have been identified through the analysis of genetically modified mice. Methods Based on the literature information, the molecular basis of the morphogenesis of sperm heads and flagella in mice was summarized. Main findings (Results) The molecular mechanisms of vesicular trafficking and intraflagellar transport in acrosome and flagellum formation were listed. With the development of cryo‐electron tomography and mass spectrometry techniques, the details of the axonemal structure are becoming clearer. The fine structure and the proteins needed to form the central apparatus, outer and inner dynein arms, nexin‐dynein regulatory complex, and radial spokes were described. The important components of the formation of the mitochondrial sheath, fibrous sheath, outer dense fiber, and the annulus were also described. The similarities and differences between sperm flagella and Chlamydomonas flagella/somatic cell cilia were also discussed. Conclusion The molecular mechanism of formation of the sperm head and flagellum has been clarified using the mouse as a model. These studies will help to better understand the diversity of sperm morphology and the causes of male infertility.

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Section: Proteins Compose the Axonemal Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Proteins Compose the Axonemal Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular basis of the morphogenesis of sperm head and tail in mice

Yogo

2022

Reprod Medicine & Biology

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“…At the same time, some cargos can directly interact with their motors ( 21 ). Septins are multimeric GTPases that function as adapter proteins, which brings about the selective recruitment of microtubule motors to their respective cargo ( 22 ). Another such adapter molecule is c-jun NH 2 -terminal kinase (JNK)–interacting proteins (JIPs), which are scaffolding proteins for the JNK signaling pathway ( 23 ).…”

Section: Microtubule-mediated Transportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tubulin Isotypes: Emerging Roles in Defining Cancer Stem Cell Niche

2022

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Although the role of microtubule dynamics in cancer progression is well-established, the roles of tubulin isotypes, their cargos and their specific function in the induction and sustenance of cancer stem cells (CSCs) were poorly explored. But emerging reports urge to focus on the transport function of tubulin isotypes in defining orchestrated expression of functionally critical molecules in establishing a stem cell niche, which is the key for CSC regulation. In this review, we summarize the role of specific tubulin isotypes in the transport of functional molecules that regulate metabolic reprogramming, which leads to the induction of CSCs and immune evasion. Recently, the surface expression of GLUT1 and GRP78 as well as voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC) permeability, regulated by specific isotypes of β-tubulins have been shown to impart CSC properties to cancer cells, by implementing a metabolic reprogramming. Moreover, βIVb tubulin is shown to be critical in modulating EphrinB1signaling to sustain CSCs in oral carcinoma. These tubulin-interacting molecules, Ephrins, GLUT1 and GRP78, are also important regulators of immune evasion, by evoking PD-L1 mediated T-cell suppression. Thus, the recent advances in the field implicate that tubulins play a role in the controlled transport of molecules involved in CSC niche. The indication of tubulin isotypes in the regulation of CSCs offers a strategy to specifically target those tubulin isotypes to eliminate CSCs, rather than the general inhibition of microtubules, which usually leads to therapy resistance.

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“…Benomyl is a broad-spectrum fungicide that interferes with fungal cell division by disrupting the microtubules (Hauptmann et al 1985). In recent years, relevant studies have shown that septins are important for the organization and function of microtubules (Spiliotis and Kesisova 2021). To examine the role of septins in the regulation of microtubules in V. dahliae, we incubated all the strains on PDA medium containing 0.6 μmol/L benomyl (Fig.…”

Section: Dahliae Septins Have Different Resistance To Benomylmentioning

confidence: 99%

Septins regulate virulence in Verticillium dahliae and differentially contribute to microsclerotial formation and stress responses

et al. 2022

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Septin proteins play a role in the formation of hyphal septa as well as in the division of nuclei, cytoskeletal organization, and cell morphogenesis in filamentous fungi. Herein, we investigated the functions of four septin-coding genes (VdSep3, VdSep4, VdSep5, and VdSep6) in the plant pathogenic fungus Verticillium dahliae. Microsclerotial formation was positively regulated by VdSep4 and VdSep6, whereas VdSep3 and VdSep5 had no effect on microsclerotial development but their deletion slightly reduced melanin production. Deletion of VdSep4 or VdSep5, but not VdSep3, resulted in hypersensitivity to high-temperature stress. Deletion of VdSep4 led to increased benomyl sensitivity whereas deletion of VdSep3 showed increased benomyl resistance. The previously reported roles of VdSep3 and VdSep5 in virulence were confirmed. Disruption of each of the four septin-coding genes led to reduction in penetration peg formation and hyphal expansion into plant cells. Loss of VdSep3 or VdSep4 increased sensitivity to reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) stress, whereas VdSep6 played a role in RNS stress response but not in ROS stress response. In addition, all the septin gene deletion mutants showed an abnormality in chitin distribution but varied in their responses to several stresses examined. Taken together, our results indicate that members of the septin family in V. dahliae play different roles in regulating microsclerotial development, melanin synthesis, and stress responses, while they are all required for full virulence of the fungus.

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Spatial regulation of microtubule-dependent transport by septin GTPases

Cited by 25 publications

References 99 publications

Molecular basis of the morphogenesis of sperm head and tail in mice

Molecular basis of the morphogenesis of sperm head and tail in mice

Tubulin Isotypes: Emerging Roles in Defining Cancer Stem Cell Niche

Septins regulate virulence in Verticillium dahliae and differentially contribute to microsclerotial formation and stress responses

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