Spatial relationships and some structuring processes in benthic intertidal animal communities

Keen, Susan L.; Neill, William E.

doi:10.1016/0022-0981(80)90056-8

Cited by 24 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Larval settlement patterns designed to locate such refuges include: (1) aggregative settlement by competitively subordinate bryozoans (Buss 1981); (2) selective settlement by bryozoans onto live adult colonies of their own species (Gordon 1970); (3) selective settlement by species close to competitive subordinates (Buss 1979, Keen & Neill 1980; (4) selective settlement by a subordinate species away from competitive dominants (Grosberg 1981, Sebens 1983); ( 5 ) selective epizoic settlement onto i n e r t p a r t s of a competitive d o m i n a n t (this study). In a d d i t i o n , Y o u n g & C h i a (1981) h a v e s h o w n t h a t l a r v a e of competitively s u b o r d i n a t e s p e c i e s c a n d e l a y settlem e n t w h e n competitive d o m i n a n t s a r e p r e s e n t : this w o u l d i n c r e a s e the l i k e h o o d of o n e of t h e s e t y p e s of r e f u g e b e i n g located.…”

Section: Materials Methods and Study Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

Size structure and sinking rates of various microparticulate constituents in oligotrophic Hawaiian waters

Bienfang¹

1985

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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In subtropical Hawaiian waters, about 80 % of total chlorophyll and about 60 % of C, N. P, and Si occur in the <5 km fraction. This predominance of chlorophyll in the <5 pm fraction prevails throughout the photic zone in extensive areas of the North Central Pacific Ocean. Sinking rates of various constituents reveal vertical, size-related, and daynight differences. In the deep chlorophyll layer, sinking rates were lower than those in the upper mixed layer. Flux estimates indicated that sedimentation accounted for about 7 % of daily photosynthet~c carbon production, and that particles >20 pm accounted for most of the mlcroparticulate C, N, P, and Si flux. Calculations showed that constituent turnover rates from sedimentary loss alone are < l % of other biological rate processes influencing the concentrations of these constituents (e.g. growth rate). These findings indicate that sedimentation losses from the photic zone resulting from the sinking of intact phytoplankton and/or suspended microparticulates are of comparatively minor importance to the time-dependent changes of phytoplankton biomass in subtropical waters.

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Section: Materials Methods and Study Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

Size structure and sinking rates of various microparticulate constituents in oligotrophic Hawaiian waters

Bienfang¹

1985

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…There has been much recent discussion over whether marine communities exhibit succession and develop in a predictable sequence toward a climax state or one of several 'polyclimax' states (Osman, 1977;Sutherland and Karlson, 1977;Keen and Neill, 1980;Ayling, 1981). In this theoretical community the sequence of colonisation and the hierarchy of immigrants are unpredictable as is the incidence of mortality.…”

Section: Community Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A model of the structure and dynamics of benthic marine invertebrate communities

Hughes¹

1984

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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The species abundance distributions of many benthic marine invertebrate communities may not satisfactorily conform to either the log-normal or log-series models that are central to theories of community structure. Benthic communities usually have dominance-diversity curves that are concave, rather than linear (log-series) or sinusoidal (log-normal), with a progressive increase in the number of rare species; singleton species outnumber doubletons and so on. There is no mode in the species abundance distributions An alternative theory is presented here to offer an explanation for these observed species abundance distributions. The theory is explained by use of a model of benthic marine community dynamics based upon established principles of population regulation, notably recruitment behaviour, competition and mortality. The model sinlulates several previously recognised features of community development. A 'non-interactive' stage of colonisation is followed by a n 'interactive' stage where, because of competitive interactions, environmental stab~lity leads to a n increase in dominance which depresses the diversity of the community and the number of species. Intermediate levels of disturbance maintain a n increased divers~ty and a larger number of specles by ensuring that dominance by any one species is only temporary and a stable 'climax' is never reached. The model consistently predicts the products of the interactions between population growth, competitlon and mortality to be communitites with dominance-divers~ty curves similar in shape to those of natural communities. The model also suggests that while many species have the potential for geometric population growth some species do not achieve this because of mortality and competitive exclusion and, within an area of study, some specles may have only an anthmetic potential for population growth.

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“…Finally, it should be noted that mollusc larvae are able to recognise the presence of other larvae and appear to have the ability to attract or exclude settling larvae (Keen and Neill 1980). Chemical cues, particularly low molecular weight polypeptides, are used to induce settlement in Crassostrea, Mytilus and Pinctada (Zimmer-Faust and Tamburri 1994;De Vooys 2003;Zhao et al 2003).…”

Section: Other Chemical Contaminationmentioning

confidence: 98%

Why won’t they grow? – Inhibitory substances and mollusc hatcheries

Jones

2006

Aquacult Int

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Molluscs are known to be seriously affected by trace amounts of environmental pollutants such as tributyltin at concentrations in seawater that are below the level of detection by all but the most sensitive chemical analytical techniques. This extreme sensitivity by molluscs has led to use of both adults and larvae as biomonitors for environmental pollution. Mollusc aquaculture has led to an increasing demand for commercial hatcheries to supply seed stock, including selected genetic lines of spat and juveniles. It is becoming apparent that many of the unexplained ''crashes'', ill thrift or failures of larvae to metamorphose in such hatcheries are primarily due to their being compromised for a range of reasons including traces of inhibitory or toxic substances in the water supply. Because dead and dying larvae are ideal substrates for bacterial and ciliate growth, such invaders are often assumed to be the primary cause of the problem and this hinders finding a solution. In addition, many of the toxins which may be implicated in crashes are sporadic in occurrence and are both difficult to detect and hard to remove from the water supply. This paper provides evidence for these toxic effects and suggests ways of reducing the problems.

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Spatial relationships and some structuring processes in benthic intertidal animal communities

Cited by 24 publications

References 13 publications

Size structure and sinking rates of various microparticulate constituents in oligotrophic Hawaiian waters

Size structure and sinking rates of various microparticulate constituents in oligotrophic Hawaiian waters

A model of the structure and dynamics of benthic marine invertebrate communities

Why won’t they grow? – Inhibitory substances and mollusc hatcheries

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