Spatial resolution and efficiency of prototype sensors for the LHCb VELO Upgrade

Buchanan, E.; Akiba, K. Carvalho; Beuzekom, M. van; Collins, P.; Dall’Occo, E.; Evans, T.; Lima, V. Franco; Geertsema, R. E.; Kopciewicz, P.; Price, E.; Rachwał, B.; Richards, S.; Saunders, D. M.; Schindler, H.; Szumlak, T.; Tsopelas, P.; Velthuis, J. J.; Williams, Mark Richard James

doi:10.1088/1748-0221/17/06/p06038

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 9 publications

(22 reference statements)

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“…The numerical values of the hyper-parameters have been chosen according to the testing conditions of the algorithm. The parameter 𝜀, which appears in the angular term (3.7), has been fixed to match the average multiple scattering angle in a LHCb VELO module [40]. The spectral parameter 𝛾 has been fixed such that the eigenvalues spectrum of 𝐴 stays positive.…”

Section: Gap Termmentioning

confidence: 99%

A quantum algorithm for track reconstruction in the LHCb vertex detector

Nicotra,

Lucio Martinez,

de Vries

et al. 2023

J. Inst.

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High-energy physics is facing increasingly demanding computational challenges in real-time event reconstruction for the near-future high-luminosity era. Using the LHCb vertex detector as a use case, we explore a new algorithm for particle track reconstruction based on the minimisation of an Ising-like Hamiltonian with a linear algebra approach. The use of a classical matrix inversion technique results in tracking performance similar to the current state-of-the-art but with worse scaling complexity in time. To solve this problem, we also present an implementation as a quantum algorithm, using the Harrow-Hassadim-Lloyd (HHL) algorithm: this approach can potentially provide an exponential speedup as a function of the number of input hits over its classical counterpart, in spite of limitations due to the well-known HHL Hamiltonian simulation and readout problems. The findings presented in this paper shed light on the potential of leveraging quantum computing for real-time particle track reconstruction in high-energy physics.

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Section: Gap Termmentioning

confidence: 99%

A quantum algorithm for track reconstruction in the LHCb vertex detector

Nicotra,

Lucio Martinez,

de Vries

et al. 2023

J. Inst.

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“…The two upstream sensors are perpendicular to the 𝑧 axis to achieve a better temporal resolution. The other two sensors are angled at 9 • with respect to the 𝑥 and 𝑦 axes in order to improve the spatial resolution [8]. For the majority of the data collection period, the first two slots were instrumented with 100 μm thick sensors (with identifiers N30 and N29), while 300 μm thick sensors (identified by N23 and N28) occupied the downstream slots.…”

Section: Hardware Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reconstruction of charged tracks with Timepix4 ASICs

Akiba¹,

Beuzekom²,

Beveren³

et al. 2023

J. Inst.

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The spatial and temporal performance of a four-plane system composed of silicon sensors bump-bonded to Timepix4 ASICs is assessed with a 180 GeV/c mixed hadron beam at the CERN SPS and reported in detail. Particle tracks are reconstructed using time-space measurements from the four detector planes, two 100 μm planes perpendicular to the beam and two 300 μm sensors under an angle of 9°. The spatial hit resolution is assessed to be (15.5 ± 0.5) μm and (4.5 ± 0.3) μm for 100 μm and 300 μm thick sensors, respectively. The timestamps from the detectors are also measured with fine precision, yielding time resolutions of (452 ± 10) ps, (420 ± 10) ps, (639 ± 10) ps, (631 ± 10) ps for the two 100 μm and two 300 μm thick sensors respectively. These measurements are combined to a track time resolution of (340 ± 5) ps. The design of the detector system is described together with its data acquisition system, operational infrastructure, and dedicated software.

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“…The main goal of these two telescopes is to provide a testbed for sensor and ASIC characterisation for the LHCb VELO project. The Timepix3 telescope has been used for the sensor and ASIC development of the VELO Upgrade 1 [87,88], and the Timepix4 telescope is envisioned to play a similar role in this development for the VELO Upgrade 2 [13]. Both of these telescopes are operated in a beamline located at the North Area of CERN, where the beam dump of the SPS is used to create a beamline consisting of a mixed 180 GeV/c hadron beam (protons, pions, and kaons) used among others for detector research.…”

Section: Chaptermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Multiple assemblies were mounted in the telescope and tested for several parameters. In the VELO Upgrade 1 context, three papers were published with results gathered using the Timepix3 telescope containing the findings of the charge collection efficiency [92], spatial resolution [93], and the temporal characteristics [94]. The findings from the latter were not incorporated for the decision of sensor design for Upgrade 1, since the VeloPix ASIC only supports binning in 25 ns TDC bins (corresponding to the interval between bunch crossings in the LHC) but are of great interest in view of the implementation of temporal information in Upgrade 2.…”

Section: Chaptermentioning

confidence: 99%

Chasing time

Geertsema

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Spatial resolution and efficiency of prototype sensors for the LHCb VELO Upgrade

Cited by 3 publications

References 9 publications

A quantum algorithm for track reconstruction in the LHCb vertex detector

A quantum algorithm for track reconstruction in the LHCb vertex detector

Reconstruction of charged tracks with Timepix4 ASICs

Chasing time

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