Spatial scale-dependent effects of urbanisation on phenotypic traits in a thermophilous grasshopper

Waterschoot, Béranger; Bataille, Gwennaël; Dyck, Hans Van

doi:10.1007/s00265-023-03325-7

Cited by 1 publication

(3 citation statements)

References 104 publications

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“…ISA has previously been shown to correlate with other urban factors such as high temperature (Diamond & Martin, 2020), high noise and light pollution, low tree cover, and short distance from roads (Szulkin et al, 2020). The spatial scale at which environmental urbanization impacts organisms is rarely known and may vary across focal traits (Uchida et al, 2021;Waterschoot et al, 2023) and so we quantified the proportion of ISA around each nest box at three different spatial scales: 100, 250, and 1000 meters. We chose this range to explore different effects of urbanization at small, medium, and large spatial scales for great tits as they tend to have smaller home ranges during breeding (approx.…”

Section: Quantification Of Urbanizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The urbanization gradient approach applied at multiple scales highlights that the most relevant spatial scale for the effect of urbanization (i.e. scale of effect) is dependent on the trait studied (Capilla-Lasheras et al, 2022;Martin, 2018;Waterschoot et al, 2023). The «scale of effect» for exploration was a buffer radius of 1000 meters, which aligns with great tits exploring and foraging at large spatial scales around their nest (approximately 3,500-4,000 m2, 95% KDE density, according to Naef-Daenzer, 2000).…”

Section: Behaviors Are Influenced By the Environment At Different Spa...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, the ability to detect landscape effects linked to urbanization may depend on which urban locations are considered (Evans et al, 2009) or the choice of appropriate spatial scale (Levin, 1992;Martin, 2018). For example, urban grasshoppers were shyer than rural grasshoppers only when urbanization was measured at a scale of 0.5 km, but not 3 and 5 km (Waterschoot et al, 2023). Despite growing availability of remote sensing data, the spatial scale at which environmental urbanization impacts organisms is rarely known (Moll et al, 2020;Perrier et al, 2018;Uchida et al, 2021) and even less is known about how it can influence conclusions of eco-evolutionary investigations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Behavioral variation changes across an urbanization gradient in a population of great tits

Gervais,

Thompson,

de Villemereuil

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Urbanization is occurring globally at an unprecedented rate and, despite the eco-evolutionary importance of individual variation in adaptive traits, we still have very limited insight on how phenotypic variation is modified by anthropogenic environmental change. Urbanization can increase individual differences in some contexts, but whether this is generalizable to behavioral traits, which directly affect how organisms interact with and respond to environmental variation, is not known. Here we examine variation across three behavioral traits (breath rate, handling aggression and exploration behaviour) in great tits Parus major along an urbanization gradient (n > 1000 phenotyped individuals accross nine years) to determine whether among-individual variance in behavior increases with the degree of urbanization and spatial heterogeneity. Urban birds were more aggressive and faster explorers than forest birds. They also displayed higher among-individual variation for breath rate and aggression (1.5 and 1.8 times increase, respectively), but lower among-individual variation for exploration (3.3 times decrease). Only individual variation in exploration clearly changed along the continuous urbanization gradient; individual differences in exploration declined with increasing impervious surface area. Collectively our results suggest that individuals in the city may have more diverse behavioral stress responses, yet display stronger similarity in their behavioral responses to novelty. Our results suggest that generalizations about urbanization’s impacts on behavioral variation are not appropriate. Instead our results suggest that urbanization can shape individual variation differently across behavioral functions and we may expect decreased individual diversity in urban birds for traits related to behavioral response to novelty.

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Section: Quantification Of Urbanizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Behaviors Are Influenced By the Environment At Different Spa...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Behavioral variation changes across an urbanization gradient in a population of great tits

Gervais,

Thompson,

de Villemereuil

et al. 2024

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Spatial scale-dependent effects of urbanisation on phenotypic traits in a thermophilous grasshopper

Cited by 1 publication

References 104 publications

Behavioral variation changes across an urbanization gradient in a population of great tits

Behavioral variation changes across an urbanization gradient in a population of great tits

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