Spatial shifts in productivity of the coastal ocean over the past two decades induced by migration of the Pacific Anticyclone and Bakun's effect in the Humboldt Upwelling Ecosystem

Weidberg, Nicolás; Ospina-Álvarez, Andrés; Bonicelli, Jessica; Barahona, Mauricio; Aiken, Christopher M.; Broitman, Bernardo R.; Navarrete, Sergio A.

doi:10.1016/j.gloplacha.2020.103259

Cited by 37 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…www.nature.com/scientificreports/ web species, which are also highly connected species. In addition, we found that this food web was highly vulnerable to the decrease of plankton productivity, which is one of the outcomes expected to happen as consequence of climate change 24,30,33,34 . Finally, we found that artisanal fisheries might contribute to dampening the negative consequences of the decrease in plankton productivity by increasing the biomass of non-harvested species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…This represents well the situation of most marine benthic ecosystems 89 . We simulated both a decrease and an increase in plankton subsidy, because both long-term increased and decreased productivity has been documented to occur in the Humboldt Ecosystem 34 . We used three different perturbation intensities, decreasing (−) or increasing (+) basal subsidy in ± 50%, ± 80% and ± 100%.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, an overall decrease in marine plankton productivity is expected over global scales 24 , 30 , 33 . Long-term increases and decreases in plankton productivity have already occurred over the past two decades 34 , 35 along extensive regions of the Humboldt upwelling ecosystem off Chile, and are expected to propagate up the pelagic and benthic food webs. We therefore analyze the bottom-up impact of fluctuations in plankton productivity in combination with fisheries exploitation of these food webs, using the concepts and methods of network ecology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Alteration of coastal productivity and artisanal fisheries interact to affect a marine food web

Ávila‐Thieme

Corcoran

Pérez‐Matus

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

Self Cite

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Top-down and bottom-up forces determine ecosystem function and dynamics. Fisheries as a top-down force can shorten and destabilize food webs, while effects driven by climate change can alter the bottom-up forces of primary productivity. We assessed the response of a highly-resolved intertidal food web to these two global change drivers, using network analysis and bioenergetic modelling. We quantified the relative importance of artisanal fisheries as another predator species, and evaluated the independent and combined effects of fisheries and changes in plankton productivity on food web dynamics. The food web was robust to the loss of all harvested species but sensitive to the decline in plankton productivity. Interestingly, fisheries dampened the negative impacts of decreasing plankton productivity on non-harvested species by reducing the predation pressure of harvested consumers on non-harvested resources, and reducing the interspecific competition between harvested and non-harvested basal species. In contrast, the decline in plankton productivity increased the sensitivity of harvested species to fishing by reducing the total productivity of the food web. Our results show that strategies for new scenarios caused by climate change are needed to protect marine ecosystems and the wellbeing of local communities dependent on their resources.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Alteration of coastal productivity and artisanal fisheries interact to affect a marine food web

Ávila‐Thieme

Corcoran

Pérez‐Matus

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

Self Cite

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“…This could explain the general enhanced productivity of the plankton projected for the three regions and the decrease of average SST in the North. The consequences at the biological scale of enhanced upwelling are yet poorly understood 38 , 39 , with likely positive effects by the enrichment of surface waters with nutrients from the deep ocean, but also with potential negative effects related to stronger currents that could wash away planktonic larvae, causing massive deaths and negatively affecting recruitment to coastal populations 40 . The effects of increased temperature will affect many aspects of the organisms’ biology and ecology.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mechanisms underlying the survival of eggs and larvae in the marine system are complex, with many interrelated variables playing very different roles 37 . Also, the consequences of climate change in the upwelling-driven marine ecosystem mentioned above are still poorly understood at the biological scale 38 , 39 . For example, the increase of winds promoting upwelling could be beneficial for organisms with planktonic larvae as the upwelling of deep nutrient-rich water to the surface could promote primary production and hence favour larvae survival.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate change vulnerability assessment of the main marine commercial fish and invertebrates of Portugal

Bueno-Pardo

Nobre

Monteiro

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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This is the first attempt to apply an expert-based ecological vulnerability assessment of the effects of climate change on the main marine resources of Portugal. The vulnerability, exposure, sensitivity, adaptive capacity, and expected directional effects of 74 species of fish and invertebrates of commercial interest is estimated based on criteria related to their life-history and level of conservation or exploitation. This analysis is performed separately for three regions of Portugal and two scenarios of climate change (RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5). To do that, the fourth assessment report IPCC framework for vulnerability assessments was coupled to the outputs of a physical-biogeochemical model allowing to weight the exposure of the species by the expected variability of the environmental variables in the future. The highest vulnerabilities were found for some migratory and elasmobranch species, although overall vulnerability scores were low probably due to the high adaptive capacity of species from temperate ecosystems. Among regions, the highest average vulnerability was estimated for the species in the Central region while higher vulnerabilities were identified under climate change scenario RCP 8.5 in the three regions, due to higher expected climatic variability. This work establishes the basis for the assessment of the vulnerability of the human activities relying on marine resources in the context of climate change.

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Assessing the Efficiency of the Marine Protected Area Systems in the Southeastern Pacific

Zucconi,

Opazo,

Navarrete

2024

Aquatic Conservation

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Amidst accelerated degradation of marine ecosystems due to anthropogenic disturbances, marine protected areas (MPAs) have been implemented globally to protect marine biodiversity, mitigate ecosystem degradation and replenish fisheries. In many countries, the creation of MPAs increased after the 2011 Aichi Targets, but in most cases, MPAs face significant operational and logistical challenges and suffer from important structural limitations that restrict their efficacy. Here, we use novel databases of taxonomic and functional diversity of 2125 coastal species (< 30 m depth), habitat continuity and climate velocities to assess the efficacy of the existing MPAs located in the Tropical, Southern, Chilean and Magellan ecoregions of the Eastern Pacific (EP). We then use optimization models to locate new MPA sites that improve protection of geographic rarity and maximize their role as climate refugia while maintaining total area protected. Existing MPAs captured between 75% and 95% of species richness in all ecoregions, largely due to the large biogeographic ranges of most species, but under‐represented rare endemic species, capturing between 3% and 66%, of single‐occurrence species among ecoregions. In general, MPAs are located in areas of ‘moderate’ to ‘high’ functional diversity, representing relatively well this feature within ecoregions, but less effectively across all SEP. There is a large geographical mismatch between current MPA locations and regions that might act as ‘climatic refugia’, which threatens the long‐term conservation value of existing MPAs. Our spatial optimization models provide valuable support for enhancing the effectiveness of MPAs, through complementation or relocation, improving their efficacy to conserve different aspects of biodiversity and resilience in the face of climate change in all ecoregions. Notably, these improvements do not necessitate expanding the total area under protection, underscoring that current MPA siting did not prioritize these criteria and suggesting that modifications may be socio‐politically possible.

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Spatial shifts in productivity of the coastal ocean over the past two decades induced by migration of the Pacific Anticyclone and Bakun's effect in the Humboldt Upwelling Ecosystem

Cited by 37 publications

References 66 publications

Alteration of coastal productivity and artisanal fisheries interact to affect a marine food web

Alteration of coastal productivity and artisanal fisheries interact to affect a marine food web

Climate change vulnerability assessment of the main marine commercial fish and invertebrates of Portugal

Assessing the Efficiency of the Marine Protected Area Systems in the Southeastern Pacific

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