Spatial Time Dependent Reliability Analysis of Carbonation with Climate Change

Abstract

The ambiance around the concrete structures could be affected by a dynamic climate, particularly after a long time, results in declination of durability at a quicker rate. The increase in carbon dioxide concentration and temperature can increase the carbonation depth of concrete. Carbonation-induced corrosion of concrete structures in Bern and Seoul under a dynamic climate is investigated during this work by considering high and medium greenhouse gas emissions scenarios RCP 8.5 and RCP 4.5 respectively. This analysis takes into account the effect of change in temperature, carbon dioxide levels and relative humidity on diffusion coefficients considering relative humidity as a time-dependent variable. This work also evaluates the failure probability of durability based on the reliability concept by considering the coefficient of variation of carbonation depth and cover depth. Reliability index of 1.28 which infers the probability of corrosion initiation less than 10% is used for inference.

Response of Ecological Environment to Climate Change in the Source Area of the Yangtze River Based on the Observation During 2005-2015

“…Alpine meadow dominated by low temperature and cold plants faced more serious ecological threat under the influence from global climate change [28][29][30]. Certainly, the influence from climate to grassland vegetation was long term, slow and large area [31][32][33][34]. The height of vegetation in the source region of Yangtze river showed a significant increasing trend (R 2 = 0.207) from 2005 to 2015 (Fig.…”

Reinforced Concrete Durability Design Through a Semi-probabilistic Approach

“…Research was carried out on parameters influencing carbonation: relative humidity, temperature, and atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration retrieved through respective Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs) from the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) [12,13]. However, Jiang et al [14] did not agree with the invariant relative humidity hypothesis and did not include relative humidity as a parameter in carbonation depth prediction under a changing climate.…”