Spatial variation of biogenic sulfur in the south Yellow Sea and the East China Sea during summer and its contribution to atmospheric sulfate aerosol

Zhang, Shenghui; Yang, Gui‐Peng; Zhang, Honghai; Yang, Jian

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.04.074

Cited by 76 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 53 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…An association between elevated DMS and dinoflagellate biomass has been observed by a number of empirical studies (e.g. Zhang et al, 2014;Zindler et al, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Assessing the potential for dimethylsulfide enrichment at the sea surface and its influence on air–sea flux

Walker¹,

Harvey²,

Smith³

et al. 2016

Ocean Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. The flux of dimethylsulfide (DMS) to the atmosphere is generally inferred using water sampled at or below 2 m depth, thereby excluding any concentration anomalies at the air-sea interface. Two independent techniques were used to assess the potential for near-surface DMS enrichment to influence DMS emissions and also identify the factors influencing enrichment. DMS measurements in productive frontal waters over the Chatham Rise, east of New Zealand, did not identify any significant gradients between 0.01 and 6 m in sub-surface seawater, whereas DMS enrichment in the sea-surface microlayer was variable, with a mean enrichment factor (EF; the concentration ratio between DMS in the sea-surface microlayer and in sub-surface water) of 1.7. Physical and biological factors influenced sea-surface microlayer DMS concentration, with high enrichment (EF > 1.3) only recorded in a dinoflagellate-dominated bloom, and associated with low to medium wind speeds and near-surface temperature gradients. On occasion, high DMS enrichment preceded periods when the air-sea DMS flux, measured by eddy covariance, exceeded the flux calculated using National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) CoupledOcean Atmospheric Response Experiment (COARE) parameterized gas transfer velocities and measured sub-surface seawater DMS concentrations. The results of these two independent approaches suggest that air-sea emissions may be influenced by near-surface DMS production under certain conditions, and highlight the need for further study to constrain the magnitude and mechanisms of DMS production in the sea-surface microlayer.

show abstract

“…An association between elevated DMS and dinoflagellate biomass has been observed by a number of empirical studies (e.g. Zhang et al, 2014;Zindler et al, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Assessing the potential for dimethylsulfide enrichment at the sea surface and its influence on air–sea flux

Walker¹,

Harvey²,

Smith³

et al. 2016

Ocean Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Overall, the NPF induced by oceanic precursors alone appeared to be much weaker than those by the precursors derived from continents or the combination of both. For example, in the marine atmosphere, the observed oceanic particulate MSA was about two 30 orders of magnitude smaller than particulate sulfate (Zhang et al, 2014 …”

Section: Npf Events Induced By Ocean-derived Precursors Over the Margmentioning

confidence: 97%

New particle formation in marine atmosphere during seven cruise campaigns

Zhu

Shen

et al. 2018

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. To study the particle number concentration, size distribution and new particle formation (NPF) events in marine atmosphere, we made measurements during six cruise campaigns over the marginal seas of China in 2011-2016 and one 10 campaign from the marginal seas to the Northwest Pacific Ocean (NWPO) in 2014. We observed relatively frequent NPF events in the atmosphere over the marginal seas of China, i.e., 23 out of 126 observational days with the highest occurrence frequency in fall, followed by spring and summer. 22 out of 23 NPF events were analyzed to be associated with the long-range transport of continental pollutants based on 24-hr air mass back trajectories and the pre-existing particle number concentrations largely exceeding the clean marine background, leaving one much weaker NPF event to be likely induced by oceanic precursors 15 alone and supported by multiple independent evidences. Although the long-range transport signal of continental pollutants can be clearly observed in the remote marine atmosphere over the NWPO, NPF events were observed only in 2 days out of 36 days. The nucleation mode particles (<30 nm), however, accounted for as high as 40%13% of the total particle number concentration during the NWPO cruise campaign, implying that there were many undetected NPF events in the sea-level atmosphere or above. 20To better characterize NPF events, we introduced a term, i.e., the net maximum increase in nucleation mode particles number concentration (NMINP) and correlated it with formation rate of new particles (FR). We found a moderately good linear correlation between NMINP and FR at FR 8 cm -3 s -1 , but there was no correlation at FR >8 cm -3 s -1. The possible mechanisms were argued in terms of roles of different vapor precursors. We also found a ceiling existing for the growth of new particles from 10 nm to larger size in most of NPF events. We thereby introduce a term, i.e., the maximum geometric 25 median diameter of new particles (Dpgmax) and correlate it with the growth rate of new particles (GR). A moderately good linear correlation was also obtained between Dpgmax and GR, and only GR larger than 7.9 nm h -1 can lead to new particles growing with Dpgmax beyond 50 nm. Combining simultaneous measurements of the particle number size distributions and cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) at different super saturations (SS), we indeed observed a clear increase in CCN when the Dpg of new particles exceeded 50 nm at SS=0.4%. However, it was not the case for SS=0.2%. Consistent with previous studies in 30 continental atmosphere, our results implied that 50 nm can be used as the threshold for new particles to be activated as CCN in the marine atmosphere. Moreover, the κ decreased from 0.4 to 0.1 during the growth period of new particles, implying that Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., https://doi

show abstract

“…In the present study, we estimated the contribution of biogenic SO 4 2− to total nss-SO 4 2 − using MSA/nss-SO 4 2 − ratios. Several previous studies have adopted this method to estimate the contribution of DMS to total nss-SO 4 2 − in China's coastal seas Gao et al, 1996; Yang et al, 2009;Zhang et al, 2014) and in the Mediterranean Sea (Ganor et al, 2000;Kouvarakis and Mihalopoulos, 2002). However, in the coastal atmosphere, kinetics of NO 3 − reactions with DMS will change MSA/nss-SO 4 2− ratios and overestimate the contribution of DMS to total nss-SO 4 2− .…”

Section: Sea-to-air Fluxes Of Dmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution of biogenic sulfur in the Bohai Sea and northern Yellow Sea and its contribution to atmospheric sulfate aerosol in the late fall

Yang

Zhang

et al. 2015

Marine Chemistry

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Spatial variation of biogenic sulfur in the south Yellow Sea and the East China Sea during summer and its contribution to atmospheric sulfate aerosol

Cited by 76 publications

References 53 publications

Assessing the potential for dimethylsulfide enrichment at the sea surface and its influence on air–sea flux

Assessing the potential for dimethylsulfide enrichment at the sea surface and its influence on air–sea flux

New particle formation in marine atmosphere during seven cruise campaigns

Distribution of biogenic sulfur in the Bohai Sea and northern Yellow Sea and its contribution to atmospheric sulfate aerosol in the late fall

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About