Spatial Variation of the Physical and Biomechanical Properties Within an Equestrian Arena Surface

Northrop, Alison J.; Hobbs, Sarah Jane; Holt, Danielle; Clayton-Smith, Emma; Martin, Jaime H.

doi:10.1016/j.proeng.2016.06.288

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…All horses were assessed on two different outdoor surfaces (Surfaces A and B, Table ). Surface composition was analysed by taking a sample from each arena and carrying out simple material tests to quantify percentage moisture, sand, fibre and wax as described in previous work . The arena conditions were chosen because they simulated surface composition and preparation routinely used for training and competing dressage horses.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of limb kinematics between collected and lengthened (medium/extended) trot in two groups of dressage horses on two different surfaces

Walker

Tranquille

Newton

et al. 2017

Equine Veterinary Journal

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of limb kinematics between collected and lengthened (medium/extended) trot in two groups of dressage horses on two different surfaces

Walker

Tranquille

Newton

et al. 2017

Equine Veterinary Journal

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show abstract

“…The dimensions of the test boxes were selected according to the Boussinesq equation to limit the edge effects [36]. Boxes with similar dimensions have been used by other investigators and are a part of established test protocols [37], [38].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The device used is based on a modification of ASTM F2333-04 where the cleats on the disk are replaced by a horseshoe. The device, shown in Figure6, is used in equine research to address the weaker correlation between rider perception and grip[37] [22]. To pre-set the disk into the surface a 30 kg weight was dropped 0,30 m along a shaft onto a second plate with a size 3 steel studded horseshoe mounted on the bottom of the plate.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

An Experimental Comparison of Simple Measurements used for the Characterization of Sand Equestrian Surfaces

Blanco

Hourquebie

Dempsey³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Quantitative measurements of performance parameters has the potential to increase consistency and enhance performance of the surfaces as well as to contribute to the safety of horses and riders. This study investigates how factors known to influence the performance of the surface, incorpo-ration of a drainage package, control of the moisture control, and introduction of a geotextile reinforcement, affect quantitative measurements of arena materials. The measurements are made by using affordable lightweight testing tools which are readily available or easily constructed. Sixteen boxes with arena materials at a consistent depth were tested with the Going Stick (GS), both penetration resistance and shear, the impact test device (ITD), and the rotational peak shear device (RPS). Volumetric moisture content (VMC %) was also tested with time-domain reflectometry (TDR). Results obtained using GS, RPS, ITD, and TDR indicate that the presence of the drainage package, moisture content, and geotextile addition were detected. Alterations due to combinations of treatments could also be detected by GS, ITD, and TDR. While the testing showed some limi-tations of these devices, the potential exists to utilize them for quality control of new installations as well as for the monitoring of maintenance of the surfaces.

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“…The sand was tested using sieve and hydrometer tests to be 92.3% sand, 2.6% silt, and 5.1% clay (Testing by Racing Surfaces Testing Laboratory, Lexington, KY, USA). The particle size distribution of the sand was determined by ASTM D422 [38], silt and clay were tested by hydrometer [39]. The geotextile used in the boxes was 100% polyester based on FTIR testing (Lab Cor Materials, LLC, Seattle, WA, USA) [40].…”

Section: Test Boxesmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Experimental Comparison of Simple Measurements Used for the Characterization of Sand Equestrian Surfaces

Blanco

Hourquebie

Dempsey³

et al. 2021

Animals

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Quantitative measurements of performance parameters have the potential to increase consistency and enhance performance of the surfaces as well as to contribute to the safety of horses and riders. This study investigates how factors known to influence the performance of the surface, incorporation of a drainage package, control of the moisture control, and introduction of a geotextile reinforcement, affect quantitative measurements of arena materials. The measurements are made by using affordable lightweight testing tools which are readily available or easily constructed. Sixteen boxes with arena materials at a consistent depth were tested with the Going Stick (GS), both penetration resistance and shear, the impact test device (ITD), and the rotational peak shear device (RPS). Volumetric moisture content (VMC %) was also tested with time–domain reflectometry (TDR). Results obtained using GS, RPS, ITD, and TDR indicate that the presence of the drainage package, moisture content, and geotextile addition were detected. Alterations due to combinations of treatments could also be detected by GS, ITD, and TDR. While the testing showed some limitations of these devices, the potential exists to utilize them for quality control of new installations as well as for the monitoring of maintenance of the surfaces.

show abstract

Spatial Variation of the Physical and Biomechanical Properties Within an Equestrian Arena Surface

Cited by 14 publications

References 18 publications

Comparison of limb kinematics between collected and lengthened (medium/extended) trot in two groups of dressage horses on two different surfaces

Comparison of limb kinematics between collected and lengthened (medium/extended) trot in two groups of dressage horses on two different surfaces

An Experimental Comparison of Simple Measurements used for the Characterization of Sand Equestrian Surfaces

An Experimental Comparison of Simple Measurements Used for the Characterization of Sand Equestrian Surfaces

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