Spatial variations in throughfall chemistry at the small plot scale

Skeffington

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

et al. 2004

Self Cite

Rainfall and runoff water quality of the Pang and Lambourn, tributaries of the River Thames, south-eastern England 601 Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, 8(4), 601613 (2004) AbstractThe water quality of rainfall and runoff is described for two catchments of two tributaries of the River Thames, the Pang and Lambourn. Rainfall chemistry is variable and concentrations of most determinands decrease with increasing volume of catch probably due to wash out processes. Two rainfall sites have been monitored, one for each catchment. The rainfall site on the Lambourn shows higher chemical concentrations than the one for the Pang which probably reflects higher amounts of local inputs from agricultural activity. Rainfall quality data at a long-term rainfall site on the Pang (UK National Air Quality Archive) shows chemistries similar to that for the Lambourn site, but with some clear differences. Rainfall chemistries show considerable variation on an event-to-event basis. Average water quality concentrations and flow-weighted concentrations as well as fluxes vary across the sites, typically by about 30%. Stream chemistry is much less variable due to the main source of water coming from aquifer sources of high storage. The relationship between rainfall and runoff chemistry at the catchment outlet is described in terms of the relative proportions of atmospheric and within-catchment sources. Remarkably, in view of the quantity of agricultural and sewage inputs to the streams, the catchments appear to be retaining both P and N.

Section: Dry Deposition Of Nitrogen Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rainfall and runoff water quality of the Pang and Lambourn, tributaries of the River Thames, south-eastern England

Skeffington

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

et al. 2004

Self Cite

“…However, Ling-Hao & Peng (1998) in a study conducted in a Castanopsis eyrei stand within the growing and non-growing seasons expressed that the canopy absorbed P during the non-growing season. The increase in K + concentrations after the interaction of rain water with the forest can-ity of rainfall (Robson et al, 1994). Leaf anatomy, morphology and physiology may also play a role in TF chemistry.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Leaf anatomy, morphology and physiology may also play a role in TF chemistry. Robson et al (1994) suggested that temporal and spatial variability in TF chemistry between forest canopies is generally attributed to non-uniformity of canopy density and to differences in the efficiency of different canopy structures for filtration dry deposition.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Throughfall nutrients in a degraded indigenous Fagus orientalis forest and a Picea abies plantation in the of North of Iran

et al. 2015

RESEARCH ARTICLE OPEN ACCESSorientalis Lipsky), has been degraded dramatically due to the industrial over exploitation of wood and livestock overgrazing. ) and Ca 2+ (0.9 mg L -1 ) were higher (for both elements, p = 0.001) in the TF of P. abies compared to those of F. orientalis (6.8 and 0.5, mg L -1 , respectively) and GR (3.2 and 0.37 mg L -1 , respectively). Conversely, mean P concentration was doubled (p = 0.022) in the TF of F. orientalis (11.1 mg L -1 ) compared to GR (5.8 mg L -1 ). Research highlights: P. abies plantations may provide a solution for reforestation of degraded F. orientalis forests of northern Iran, yet how P. abies plantations differentially affect the quality and quantity of rainfall reaching subcanopy soils (TF) compared to F. orientalis is unknown. Understanding the connection between hydrological processes and nutrient cycling in forest ecosystems is crucial for choosing the appropriate species to rehabilitate the degraded indigenous forests with nonindigenous species.

“…The spatial variability in nitrogen input to the soil and in the water content of the forest floor is considerable in relation to microbial transformation and the temporal dynamics of the nitrogen inputs results in addition of inorganic nitrogen to the forest floor. The Raat et al (2002) study provides a good example of the heterogeneity that is common when exploring within catchment and within canopy processes Robson et al, 1994;Neal, 1997). The results have important implications for process understanding and modelling of nitrogen in forest ecosystems.…”

Section: Nitrogen Dynamics Across Catchmentsmentioning

confidence: 97%

INCA : summary and conclusions

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

Whitehead

Flynn

2002

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This contribution brings to a close a special issue of Hydrology and Earth System Sciences concerning the assessment of nitrogen dynamics in catchments across Europe within a semi-distributed Integrated Nitrogen model for multiple source assessment in Catchments (INCA). The wide range of issues involved in relation to hydrology and within-catchment processes, scale (from small catchments to major river basins), climate (from sub-arctic to Mediterranean regimes) and pollution (atmospheric, agricultural and urban sources) is outlined. Consideration is then given to how well the model has performed and future research requirements are outlined.