Spatial variations of human health risk associated with exposure to chlorination by-products occurring in drinking water

Legay, Christelle; Rodriguez, Manuel J.; Sadiq, Rehan; Sérodes, Jean; Levallois, Patrick; Proulx, François

doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2010.10.056

Cited by 82 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…On the other hand, all are greater than or equal to the acceptable risk level in the 95th percentile exposure scenario. The risk levels for both of the chemicals in this scenario for surfactant-added products surpass a higher acceptable risk level (1.0 Â 10 À4 ) preferred for some pollutants difficult to deal with, such as arsenic (Legay et al, 2011;Health Canada, 1998). Values of ratio of the median risk due to product use to the risk due to the mean background exposure are presented in Table S13.…”

Section: Carcinogenic Risk Assessment For Inhalation Exposurementioning

confidence: 82%

“…Carcinogenic risks due to lifetime exposure to the background concentrations are 9.4 Â 10 À6 and 1.6 Â 10 À6 for chloroform and carbon tetrachloride, respectively. Both of the risk values are higher than the general acceptable risk level of 1.0 Â 10 À6 (Legay et al, 2011;Health Canada, 1998). Although all median scenario risk values are <1.0 Â 10 À6 for both of the chemicals, these risks are additional to the background risks.…”

Section: Carcinogenic Risk Assessment For Inhalation Exposurementioning

confidence: 88%

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Halogenated volatile organic compounds in chlorine-bleach-containing household products and implications for their use

Odabaşı

Elbir

Dumanoğlu

et al. 2014

Atmospheric Environment

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It was recently shown that substantial amounts of halogenated volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are formed in chlorine-bleach-containing household products as a result of reactions of sodium hypochlorite with organic product components. Use of these household products results in elevated indoor air halogenated VOC concentrations. Halogenated VOCs in several chlorine-bleach-containing household products (plain, n=9; fragranced, n=4; and surfactant-added, n=29) from Europe and North America were measured in the present study. Chloroform and carbon tetrachloride were the dominating compounds having average concentrations of 9.5±29.0 (average±SD) and 23.2±44.3 (average±SD) mgL-1, respectively. Halogenated VOC concentrations were the lowest in plain bleach, slightly higher in fragranced products and the highest in the surfactant-added products. Investigation of the relationship between the halogenated VOCs and several product ingredients indicated that chlorinated VOC formation is closely related to product composition. Indoor air concentrations from the household use of bleach products (i.e., bathroom, kitchen, and hallway cleaning) were estimated for the two dominating VOCs (chloroform and carbon tetrachloride). Estimated indoor concentrations ranged between 0.5 and 1030 (34±123, average±SD) μgm-3 and 0.3-1124 (82±194, average±SD) μgm-3 for chloroform and carbon tetrachloride, respectively, indicating substantial increases compared to background. Results indicated that indoor air concentrations from surfactant-added products were significantly higher (p<0.01) than other categories. The highest concentrations were from the use of surfactant-added bleach products for bathroom cleaning (92±228 and 224±334μgm-3, average±SD for chloroform and carbon tetrachloride, respectively). Associated carcinogenic risks from the use of these products were also estimated. The risk levels may reach to considerably high levels for a significant portion of the population especially for those steadily using the surfactant-added bleach products. Based on the results of the present study, it could be recommended that if possible the use of chlorine bleach containing household products should be avoided. If they are to be used, plain products should be preferred since the chlorinated VOC content increase with the number and amount of additives

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Section: Carcinogenic Risk Assessment For Inhalation Exposurementioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Carcinogenic Risk Assessment For Inhalation Exposurementioning

confidence: 88%

Halogenated volatile organic compounds in chlorine-bleach-containing household products and implications for their use

Odabaşı

Elbir

Dumanoğlu

et al. 2014

Atmospheric Environment

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“…UVVis, TOC and LC-MS analyses confirmed the successful human health, owing to their chronic toxicity, persistence, and bioaccumulation [3,4]. There are various toxicological and epidemiological studies that have been carried out on CBPs in drinking water and their suspected carcinogenic and other adverse health effects [5]. Increase in farming activities has entailed increased usage of agrochemicals (herbicides, fungicides, etc.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Preparation of photo-catalytic copolymer grafted asymmetric membranes (N-TiO2-PMAA-g-PVDF/PAN) and their application on the degradation of bentazon in water

et al. 2016

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photodegradation of bentazon. A bentazon removal efficiency of 90.1 % was achieved at pH 7. N-TiO 2 -PMAAg-PVDF/PAN membranes were successfully prepared and characterized. These photocatalytic membranes showed great potential as a technology for the effective removal of pesticides from water. According to literature, N-TiO 2 -PMAA-g-PVDF/PAN asymmetric photocatalytic membranes have not been prepared before for the purpose of treating agricultural wastewater.

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“…Until date, chlorine is one of the most inexpensive disinfectants (Clark et al 1994;Clark et al 1998;USEPA 2006;Chowdhury et al 2007). However, chlorination process poses chemical threat to human health due to DBPs (Legay et al 2011). In the presence of precursors such as NOM, the DBPs are formed (Mesdaghinia et al 2005).…”

Section: Future Perspectives and Potential Research Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The human exposure to DBPs in drinking water occurs through multiple routes including ingestion, inhalation and dermal contact during regular indoor activities such as swimming, bathing and showering (Legay et al 2011;Chowdhury et al 2011). To overcome these drawbacks, alternative disinfectants such as ozone, chloramine among others are used to avoid or reduce chlorinated DBPs in waters (Simate et al 2012).…”

Section: Future Perspectives and Potential Research Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chlorine for Water Disinfection: Properties, Applications and Health Effects

Drogui

Daghrir

2015

Environmental Chemistry for a Sustainable World

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Spatial variations of human health risk associated with exposure to chlorination by-products occurring in drinking water

Cited by 82 publications

References 40 publications

Halogenated volatile organic compounds in chlorine-bleach-containing household products and implications for their use

Halogenated volatile organic compounds in chlorine-bleach-containing household products and implications for their use

Preparation of photo-catalytic copolymer grafted asymmetric membranes (N-TiO2-PMAA-g-PVDF/PAN) and their application on the degradation of bentazon in water

Chlorine for Water Disinfection: Properties, Applications and Health Effects

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