Spatial Variations of Single-Family Residential Water Consumption in Portland, Oregon

Chang, Heejun; Parandvash, G. Hossein; Shandas, Vivek

doi:10.2747/0272-3638.31.7.953

Cited by 104 publications

(101 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Wentz and Gober [22] demonstrated that residential outdoor water use increased with large lots, turf grass (as opposed to drought-tolerant landscaping), and the presence of pools. Similarly, Chang et al [3] found that residential water use was higher in denser older neighborhoods close to downtown than in newer peripheral neighborhoods in the City of Portland, Oregon. House-Peters et al [28] further reported that highly affluent newer neighborhoods had more seasonal water use than denser older low-income neighborhoods in Hillsboro, a suburban city of Portland.…”

Section: Potential Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Residential development patterns, which in some cases are the direct and intentional outcome of land-use planning initiatives, are a potentially important exogenous influence on water management [2][3][4]. In fact, largely because water resource planning in the U.S. has traditionally been separated from land-use planning, opportunities to explicitly link planning policies with water availability have gone unexamined [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Stressors and Strategies for Managing Urban Water Scarcity: Perspectives from the Field

Shandas

Lehman

Larson

et al. 2015

Water

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Abstract:Largely because water resource planning in the U.S. has been separated from land-use planning, opportunities for explicitly linking planning policies to water availability remain unexamined. The pressing need for better coordination between land-use planning and water management is amplified by changes in the global climate, which will place even greater importance on managing water supplies and demands than in the past. By surveying land and water managers in two urbanizing regions of the western United States-Portland, Oregon and Phoenix Arizona-we assessed the extent to which their perspectives regarding municipal water resource management align or differ. We specifically focus on characterizing how they perceive water scarcity problems (i.e., stressors) and solutions (i.e., strategies). Overall, the results show a general agreement across both regions and professions that long-term drought, population growth, and outdoor water use are the most important stressors to urban water systems. The results of the survey indicated more agreement across cities than across professions with regard to effective strategies, reinforcing the idea that land-use planners and water managers remain divided in their conception of the solutions to urban water management. To conclude, we recommend potential pathways for coordinating the fields of land and water management for urban sustainability.

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Section: Potential Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stressors and Strategies for Managing Urban Water Scarcity: Perspectives from the Field

Shandas

Lehman

Larson

et al. 2015

Water

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“…As said, geography effect on water demand has not been studied until the early 2000s. Most of these studies using aggregate data at municipal or census tract level [6,4,36]. Higher urban density reduces domestic water demand through smaller lot size and outdoor space is the common conclusion from literature [14,36].…”

Section: Spatial Determinantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, both increase and decrease in water demand, especially in urban area, have been observed around the world [2][3][4][5]. Ongoing population growth, urbanization, and higher living standards are among the common identified drivers behind the upsurge in water consumption [2, 6,7], while, technology development and mandatory water restrictions are considered the reasons behind the reduction in water use [4]. These uncertain fluctuations in water demand create difficulties for many cities around the world to provide a safe, steady, and affordable drinking water supply [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Review of Residential Water Consumption Determinants

Bich-Ngoc

Teller

2018

Lecture Notes in Computer Science

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Abstract. Water supply sectors are facing higher uncertainty in both resource availability and consumer demand. Future conservation programs require a full understanding of underlying factors of residential water consumption. However, previous studies have only considered one or several groups of factors without putting them all together in a bigger picture. This study was developed to provide a comprehensive view on these determinants and their relationships, as well as to discuss current gaps and possible directions. Determinants are categorized into six groups: (1) Economic; (2) Socio-demographic; (3) Physical properties; (4) Technological; (5) Climatic; and (6) Spatial drivers. All these determinants produce a very complex picture with many possible interrelationships. This nature, in one hand, poses challenges in selecting suitable technique to avoid autocorrelation, but on the other hand, provides chances to substitute unavailable important data with proxy variables. We have emphasized the lack of regional and cultural diversity in current studies, as most of them were carried out in developed and arid areas. Hence, a wider range of country specific and local-based studies is needed to better reflect the determinants and their relationships in diverse contexts. In future studies, a broader assessment scope taking into account effects such as feedback loop, spillover, and rebound should also be considered. In addition, these studies must deal with modern issues such as balancing between smart monitoring device utilization and consumer privacy.

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Positioning infrastructure and technologies for low‐carbon urbanization

et al. 2014

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The expected urbanization of the planet in the coming century coupled with aging infrastructure in developed regions, increasing complexity of man-made systems, and pressing climate change impacts have created opportunities for reassessing the role of infrastructure and technologies in cities and how they contribute to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Modern urbanization is predicated on complex, increasingly coupled infrastructure systems, and energy use continues to be largely met from fossil fuels. Until energy infrastructures evolve away from carbon-based fuels, GHG emissions are critically tied to the urbanization process. Further complicating the challenge of decoupling urban growth from GHG emissions are lock-in effects and interdependencies. This paper synthesizes state-of-the-art thinking for transportation, fuels, buildings, water, electricity, and waste systems and finds that GHG emissions assessments tend to view these systems as static and isolated from social and institutional systems. Despite significant understanding of methods and technologies for reducing infrastructure-related GHG emissions, physical, institutional, and cultural constraints continue to work against us, pointing to knowledge gaps that must be addressed. This paper identifies three challenge themes to improve our understanding of the role of infrastructure and technologies in urbanization processes and position these increasingly complex systems for low-carbon growth. The challenges emphasize how we can reimagine the role of infrastructure in the future and how people, institutions, and ecological systems interface with infrastructure.

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Spatial Variations of Single-Family Residential Water Consumption in Portland, Oregon

Cited by 104 publications

References 47 publications

Stressors and Strategies for Managing Urban Water Scarcity: Perspectives from the Field

Stressors and Strategies for Managing Urban Water Scarcity: Perspectives from the Field

A Review of Residential Water Consumption Determinants

Positioning infrastructure and technologies for low‐carbon urbanization

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