Spatially open Friedmann–Robertson–Walker Universe fueled with interacting sources

Abstract

In the present paper, we are analyzing the k = −1−FRW Universe with two interacting ideal fluids. The energy densities and the pressures are used to derive the corresponding Equations of State. For a particular form of the interaction term between the two fluids, it turns out that the Universe is filled with a mixture of dust and radiation.

Neutrinos as a probe of curvature

“…On the other hand, there is the opposite scenario which is consistent with the negatively curved FRW models: Gamma-ray halos around active galactic nuclei [10], the intergalactic magnetic field with the observation of TeV blazar 1ES 0229+200 [11], gamma-ray data [12], and strong magnetic filed from Fermi observations of TeV blazars [13]. Also the quintessence models with various potentials [14], and a nonlinear massive gravity with Lorentz-invariant mass terms have been studied in open FRW-Universe [15,16].…”

FLRW cosmology of induced dark energy model and open universe

“…Recently, it has been shown that the observed large-scale cosmic microwave anomalies, discovered by WMAP and confirmed by the Planck satellite, are most naturally explained in the context of a marginally-open universe [39]. Also, there are several approaches, based on the string theory or quantum cosmology, in favor of the open universe [40]- [41]. Therefore sine now, we concentrate on the spatially open universe, i.e.…”