Spatially-resolved characterization of oil-in-water emulsion sprays

Li, Cheng; He, Ruichen; Zhang, He; Kumar, Santosh; Fredericks, Steven; Hogan, Christopher J.; Hong, Jiarong

doi:10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2021.103813

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Fan nozzles can generate a fan-shaped atomization area with a substantial atomization volume that maintains central symmetry, ensuring a uniform distribution of the spray volume [25]. Therefore, this study selected the experimental nozzle LU120-03 from Lechler, Germany.…”

Section: Nozzle and Solution Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Polymer Adjuvant Type and Concentration on Atomization Characteristics of Nozzle

Hu,

Zhang,

Chen

et al. 2024

Agriculture

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(1) Background: Various types of adjuvants are added during application to enhance the spraying effect, but most adjuvant formulations are proprietary products, and their exact compositions have not been disclosed. (2) Methods: The spatial distributions of droplet sizes and velocities generated by the atomization of different polymer adjuvants were measured based on the phase Doppler interferometer (PDI) measurement method. The sub-area statistical method was used to quantitatively analyze the droplet characteristics at various points below the nozzle. (3) Results: The polymer (polyethylene oxide (PEO))/associative surfactant (sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)) can increase the droplet size and velocity of the solution after atomization by increasing the amount of the polymer/associative surfactant to reduce the equilibrium surface tension of the solution and increase the viscosity. Different concentrations of polymer/associative surfactant atomization produced larger droplet sizes and better uniformity than polymer/non-associative surfactant (polysorbate-20 (Tween20)). At the same position, the relationship between droplet velocities for the three adjuvant combinations was roughly as follows: PEO/SDS solution had the highest velocity, followed by PEO solution, and PEO/Tween20 solution had the lowest velocity. (4) Conclusions: The optimal of droplet size distribution can be achieved by adding appropriate amounts of associative surfactants to polymers.

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Section: Nozzle and Solution Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Polymer Adjuvant Type and Concentration on Atomization Characteristics of Nozzle

Hu,

Zhang,

Chen

et al. 2024

Agriculture

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“…Once perforations are generated, they will expand due to the surface tension ( Vernay et al., 2017 ). With the development of the perforations, they will eventually meet each other, and their borders will coalesce into ligaments ( Li et al., 2021 ). The perforations are supposed to cause an early breakup of the liquid sheet; therefore, oil-based emulsions have larger droplet sizes compared with those of water spray ( Carvalho et al., 2017 ; Alves et al., 2018 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Theoretical and experimental studies on the oil-based emulsion spray

2023

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Oil-based emulsion is a common herbicide formulation in agricultural spray, and its atomization mechanism is different from that of water spray. In this paper, a theoretical model based on the characteristics of spray sheets was proposed to predict the spray droplet size for oil-based emulsion spray. An image processing method was used to measure droplet size distributions for different spray pressures and nozzle configurations, and the measured results were used to validate the theoretical model. The results show that oil-based emulsion spray is characterized by the web structure constituted by perforations. The liquid originally occupied by spray sheets eventually gathers in these web structures. The proposed theoretical model is based on the size of the nozzle exit, the angle of spray sheets, and the perforation number in the web structure, which are relatively easy to obtain. The theoretical droplet size is in inverse proportion to the square root of the perforation number in the web structure while in proportion to the square root of the area of the nozzle exit. The captured images of spray sheets and the measured droplet size distribution show consistency with the theoretical prediction. The difference between theoretical results and measured volumetric median diameter is less than 10% for different spray pressures and nozzles.

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“…For water spray, it is pointed out that its atomization process can be generally divided into two steps: the development of ripple structure on the spray sheet that leads to the formation of ligaments ( Altieri et al., 2014 ; Qin et al., 2018 ; Li et al., 2021 ), followed by the fracture of ligaments and the formation of droplets due to interface instability ( Qin et al., 2018 ). These include Rayleigh–Taylor instability (liquid sheet to ligament) and Rayleigh instability (ligament to droplet) mechanisms ( Makhnenko et al., 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For oil-based emulsion spray, the oil-phase particles lead to the generation of perforations in the spray sheet and the different breakup mechanism ( Qin et al., 2010 ; Makhnenko et al., 2021 ). The development of perforations causes the earlier breakup of spray sheet ( Gong et al., 2020 ; Cryer et al., 2021 ; Li et al., 2021 ). Compared with water spray, the droplet of oil-based emulsion spray has a larger average size and a narrower size distribution ( Qin et al., 2010 ; Vieira et al., 2018 ; Gong et al., 2020 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Compared with water spray, the droplet of oil-based emulsion spray has a larger average size and a narrower size distribution ( Qin et al., 2010 ; Vieira et al., 2018 ; Gong et al., 2020 ). The droplet size distributions of water spray are commonly studied by using laser diffraction (LD) and phase Doppler particle analyzer (PDPA) methods ( Vernay et al., 2016 ; Vernay et al., 2017 ; Vieira et al., 2018 ; Sijs and Bonn, 2020 ; Li et al., 2021 ; Zhang and Xiong, 2021 ). The LD method is based on light diffraction, and it measures droplet size by Mie theory with complete or fuzzy approximation (ISO13320:2009) ( De Cock et al., 2016 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Droplet spatial distribution of oil-based emulsion spray

et al. 2023

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IntroductionOil-based emulsion solution is a common pesticide formulation in agricultural spraying, and its spray characteristics are different from that of water spraying. The well understanding of its spray characteristics is the theoretical basis to improve the pesticide spraying technology. The objective of the present study is to deepen the understanding of the spray characteristics of oil-based emulsion.MethodIn this paper, the spatial distribution characteristics of spray droplets of oil-based emulsion were captured visually using the high-speed photomicrography. On the basis of image processing method, the droplet size and distribution density of spray droplets at different spatial locations were analyzed quantitatively. The effects of nozzle configuration and emulsion concentration on spray structures and droplet spatial distribution were discussed.ResultsOil-based emulsion produced a special perforation atomization mechanism compared with water spray, which led to the increase of spray droplet size and distribution density. Nozzle configuration had a significant effect on oil-based emulsion spray, with the nozzle changed from ST110-01 to ST110-03 and ST110-05; the sheet lengths increased to 18 and 28 mm, respectively, whereas the volumetric median diameters increased to 51.19% and 76.00%, respectively. With emulsion concentration increased from 0.02% to 0.1% and 0.5%, the volumetric median diameters increased to 5.17% and 14.56%, respectively.DiscussionThe spray droplet size of oil-based emulsion spray can be scaled by the equivalent diameter of discharge orifice of nozzles. The products of volumetric median diameters and corresponding surface tensions were nearly constant for the oil-based emulsion spray of different emulsion concentrations. It is expected that this research could provide theoretical support for improving the spraying technology of oil-based emulsion and increasing the utilization of pesticide.

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Spatially-resolved characterization of oil-in-water emulsion sprays

Cited by 11 publications

References 48 publications

Effect of Polymer Adjuvant Type and Concentration on Atomization Characteristics of Nozzle

Effect of Polymer Adjuvant Type and Concentration on Atomization Characteristics of Nozzle

Theoretical and experimental studies on the oil-based emulsion spray

Droplet spatial distribution of oil-based emulsion spray

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