2019
DOI: 10.1364/oe.27.002488
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Spatially resolved cross-sectional refractive index profile of fs laser–written waveguides using a genetic algorithm

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Cited by 12 publications
(3 citation statements)
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“…This microscopy interferometric systems measure the relative phase change from the surrounding and, providing knowledge about 2D cross section profile of the inscription, could determine the RI change profile by using the following Eq. ( 1 ) 23 . where, Δφ is the measured phase change, λ the wavelength of measurement, which is 633 nm for that system and h is the height of the structure.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This microscopy interferometric systems measure the relative phase change from the surrounding and, providing knowledge about 2D cross section profile of the inscription, could determine the RI change profile by using the following Eq. ( 1 ) 23 . where, Δφ is the measured phase change, λ the wavelength of measurement, which is 633 nm for that system and h is the height of the structure.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Using this setup, we were able to extract the phase change between the unexposed materials and the exposed area and calculate the maximum phase change. Provided the height of the affected area is known from the waveguide’s dimensions 11 , (which is obtained by simple end-face cross-section imaging of the waveguide, as shown in Fig. 1 c,d, the refractive index change can be calculated simply using Eq.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…One potential problem usually during the fabrication process is the volatilization of the dopant (e.g., Ge or P) from the innermost layers during the collapsing stage, which will result in the RI dip at the center of the fiber cores. This dip has been observed not only in the passive fibers for low-power applications [28][29][30][31] but also in the active fibers for high-power applications [32][33][34][35]. To mitigate this phenomenon, some approaches such as etching the innermost layers [36], modifying the doping concentration [37], and controlling the temperature [38] have been proposed and verified in recent years.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%