Spatio-Temporal Analysis and Water Quality Indices (WQI): Case of the Ébrié Lagoon, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire

Abstract

For decades, the Ébrié Lagoon in Côte d'Ivoire has been the receptacle of wastewater effluent and household waste transported by runoff water. This work assesses the spatio-temporal variability of the Ébrié lagoon water quality at the city of Abidjan. The methodological approach used in this study is summarized in three stages: the choice and standardization of the parameters for assessing water quality for uses such as aquaculture, irrigation, livestock watering, and sports and recreation; the weighting of these parameters using the Hierarchical Analysis Process (AHP) of Saaty; and finally, the aggregation of the weighted parameters or factors. Physicochemical and microbiological analysis data on the waters of the Ébrié lagoon for June and December of 2014 and 2015 were provided by the Ivorian Center for Anti-Pollution (Centre Ivoirien Anti-Pollution, CIAPOL), and the concentrations of trace elements in sediments (As, Cd, Cr, Pb, Zn) were used. The aggregation of standardized and weighted parameters allowed the calculation of the Water Quality Indices (WQI) by usage for each bays of the lagoon. The results show that in both 2014 and 2015, the waters of the Ébrié lagoon were generally of poor quality for the different uses examined in this study (aquaculture, irrigation, livestock watering, and sport and recreation) with an accentuation in 2015. However, some bays of the lagoon have waters of dubious to satisfactory quality. This study contributes an improved evaluation of the Ébrié lagoon waters.

Spatial assessment and appraisal of groundwater suitability for drinking consumption in Andasa watershed using water quality index (WQI) and GIS techniques: Blue Nile Basin, Northwestern Ethiopia

“…Water quality index (WQI), effective method in determining the potability of water use for specific purpose, is utilized by various researchers worldwide (e.g., Deepa & Venkateswaran, 2018;Gebrehiwot et al, 2011;Kalaivanan et al, 2017;Kawo & Karuppannan, 2018;Naga et al, 2017;Nair et al, 2018;Ponsadailakshmi et al, 2018;Kumar et al, 2009;Saleem et al, 2016;Şener et al, 2017;Tiwari et al, 2017). WQI has been employed by assigning relative weights and quality rating scales and aggregating large number of water quality data into a single WQI value so that it can be easily understood in disseminating information to water users and policy makers (Bodrud-Doza et al, 2016;Saleem et al, 2016).…”

Decoding the DNA and RNA viromes of a tropical urban lagoon

“…Since 1999, Abidjan has experienced accelerated urbanization and an increase in port and industrial activities that result in urban wastewater and untreated domestic, agricultural and industrial effluents, which are directly or indirectly discharged into the Ébrié Lagoon (Dröge & Kroeze, 2007; Kouassi et al, 1995). Despite this strong anthropogenic pressure on the lagoon (Bastaraud et al, 2020; Naga et al, 2018), the assessment of its water quality is largely neglected, leading to the reoccurrence of waterborne diseases, especially diarrhoea, which is the second leading cause of morbidity in children under the age of five in the Ivory Coast (Koné et al, 2014).…”