Spatio-Temporal Changes of Vegetation Cover and Its Influencing Factors in Northeast China from 2000 to 2021

Li, Maolin; Yan, Qishe; Li, Guie; Yi, Minghao; Li, Jie

doi:10.3390/rs14225720

Cited by 21 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Our study showed that most of the erosion improvement areas were distributed in the Greater and Lesser Xinganling, Changbai Mountain forest areas and some land use change areas (Figure 2b), and the water erosion modulus of forest ecosystems decreased substantially (Table 4). Several studies confirmed that there was a significant upward trend in vegetation cover in the Northeast after 2000 (M. L. Li, Yan, et al, 2022; Shi et al, 2022). Our results verified that a series of ecological restoration projects in northeastern China have gone accomplished in improving soil erosion (Xue et al, 2022).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Human activities are the key driver of water erosion changes in northeastern China

Tang,

Hua,

Cao

et al. 2023

Land Degrad Dev

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Northeast China is experiencing severe soil erosion, resulting in land degradation and nutrient loss. Among them, water erosion poses the greatest threat to food security. Combining various multi‐source data, we applied the modified soil erosion equation (RUSLE) to evaluate the water erosion modulus in Northeast China (1985–2021). We used the threshold segmentation and residual analysis method to quantify the relative roles of climate change and human activities on water erosion. The outcomes were as follows: (1) In recent decades, the average annual water erosion modulus in northeastern China was 804.78 t·km−2·a−1, decreasing with a slope of −11.114 t·km−2·a−1. In 24% of the study area, the erosion modulus increased significantly, mainly in grassland and farmland, due to grassland degradation and expansion of sloping cropland. In 20% of the study area, erosion modulus decreased significantly, mainly spread in forests, which was attributed to the implementation of important ecological restoration projects by the Chinese government, such as afforestation programs and returning farmland to forest. (2) During the research process, there were spatial variations in water erosion drivers in Northeast China. For areas with significant increases in erosion, 20% of the total study area were caused by anthropogenic factors, and 3% were attributed to natural factors. For areas where erosion had significantly improved, 18% of the total study area was attributed to ecological restoration, and 2% to natural factors. (3) Based on the results of the study, ecological restoration of forests and grasses, management of sloping cropland, and conservation tillage were recommended to reduce soil erosion in Northeast China.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Human activities are the key driver of water erosion changes in northeastern China

Tang,

Hua,

Cao

et al. 2023

Land Degrad Dev

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“…In this study, the sub-pixel comparison method was used to compare the obtained vegetation cover with the actual vegetation cover (MODIS13Q1-NDVI) so that the accuracies of 3DFVC and FVC could be evaluated. The closer the regression coefficient between the vegetation cover to be verified and the actual vegetation cover is to 1, the higher the accuracy of the vegetation cover model [15]. In addition, the root mean square error (RMSE) was used to test the accuracy of the vegetation cover model [34].…”

Section: Accuracy Assessment Methods Of Vegetation Covermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This study applied calculus to calibrate the image element dichotomous model. FVC is calculated using a dichotomous model based on the NDVI [11,15,31]. The formula is shown in Equations ( 1) and (2):…”

Section: Three-dimensional Vegetation Cover Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of Spatial and Temporal Changes in Vegetation Cover and Driving Forces in the Yan River Basin, Loess Plateau

He,

Yue,

Chen

et al. 2023

Remote Sensing

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The Yan River Basin of the Loess Plateau is a key region for ensuring the environmental protection and sustainable development of the Yellow River Basin. Therefore, it is essential to identify how vegetation cover has changed and determine the factors that have driven these changes. In this study, we applied a three-dimensional vegetation cover model to examine the spatiotemporal variation characteristics of vegetation cover at the watershed scale in the Yan River Basin from 2001 to 2020 and forecast future trends. Subsequently, the driving forces of fractional vegetation cover (FVC) change were quantified based on meteorological, surface, and anthropogenic factors to explore the common driving relationships among these factors. (1) The accuracy of 3DFVC is better than that of FVC in the Yanhe River Basin, where the terrain is complex. (2) The temporal change trends indicated that the vegetation cover in the Yan River Basin significantly recovered and the basin FVC increased rapidly from 2001 to 2013 (S = 0.0152/a, p < 0.01) and increased gradually from 2013 to 2020 (S = 0.0015/a). The main reason for the increase in vegetation cover was the enhanced growth of medium FVC. (3) The vegetation spatial distribution showed that the FVC values varied substantially from north to south, indicating spatial heterogeneity, and 83.9% of the area presented a trend of increasing vegetation. Furthermore, vegetation cover was predicted to improve in the future. (4) The spatial heterogeneity of FVC was mainly influenced by relative humidity and rainfall, and the spatial variations in FVC were mainly determined by climate factors. Land use and cover change variations, which are influenced by human activities, represent major factors underlying the observed spatial heterogeneity. Most interactions between driving factors showed two-way enhancement or non-linear enhancement, with relative humidity and land use patterns presenting the strongest explanatory power. This study provides a scientific basis for vegetation conservation in the Yan River Basin and contributes theoretical support for decision-making regarding ecological environmental protection in the Loess Plateau and sustainable development in the Yellow River Basin.

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“…Vegetation is the basic component of the terrestrial ecosystem, which can have an important impact on regional ecological environment quality [47,48]. The NDVI was used to reflect the vegetation coverage in the YRD; monthly NDVI data were converted into an annual mean value using the raster calculator tool in ArcGIS.…”

Section: Ndvimentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive Evaluation and Analysis of Human Settlements’ Suitability in the Yangtze River Delta Based on Multi-Source Data

Liu

Guan

et al. 2023

IJERPH

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The suitability of human settlements is critical for quality of life and regional development. As comprehensive evaluations and research on the suitability of human settlements are lacking, a comprehensive evaluation of human settlements in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) was carried out in 2020 by combining natural and human environmental elements based on multi-source data such as digital elevation models, Landsat remote sensing images, meteorological station data, and points of interest, other multi-source data, and constructions of the human settlements’ suitability indexes. The results showed the following: (1) The spatial suitability of the natural environment in the YRD is significantly affected by the topographic conditions and distance from the sea, showing an increasing spatial differentiation from southwest to northeast, with Shanghai and Yancheng having the best natural environment suitability. (2) The suitability of the human environment in urban areas is better than that in non-urban areas and shows a decreasing trend from the south to the north circle. Shanghai, Zhoushan, and Huaibei have the best human environment suitability. (3) The comprehensive suitability of human settlements includes both the spatial differentiation characteristics of the suitability of natural and human environments. Shanghai and Zhoushan have the mosy comprehensive suitability for human settlements, while Huaibei and Xuzhou have the worst. (4) Land with a comprehensive suitability for human settlements of greater than 0.580 accounts for 23.60% of the total and contains 30.08% of the population and 32.31% of the economy, indicating that areas with a high suitability index have been fully utilized, and the populations and economies with human settlements suitability have a high degree of matching.

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Spatio-Temporal Changes of Vegetation Cover and Its Influencing Factors in Northeast China from 2000 to 2021

Cited by 21 publications

References 55 publications

Human activities are the key driver of water erosion changes in northeastern China

Human activities are the key driver of water erosion changes in northeastern China

Analysis of Spatial and Temporal Changes in Vegetation Cover and Driving Forces in the Yan River Basin, Loess Plateau

Comprehensive Evaluation and Analysis of Human Settlements’ Suitability in the Yangtze River Delta Based on Multi-Source Data

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