Spatio-temporal pattern of sylvatic rabies in the Sultanate of Oman, 2006–2010

Hussain, Muhammad Hammad; Ward, Michael P.; Body, Mohammed; Al-Rawahi, Abdulmajeed; Wadir, Ali Awlad; Al-Habsi, Saif; Saqib, Muhammad; Ahmed, Mohammed Sayed

doi:10.1016/j.prevetmed.2013.01.001

Cited by 14 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Out of 30 animals subjected to laboratory tests as many as 21 were found to be positive and the majority were red foxes (Vulpes vulpes). Overall, 63% of submitted samples were confirmed as rabies cases in animals during 2006-10, which confirms the spread of sylvatic rabies in Oman (8).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Epidemiology of rabies in Oman: a retrospective study (1991–2013)

et al. 2015

Easter Mediterr Health J

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Animal bites and rabies are under-reported in many developing countries and there is poor understanding of the disease burden. The aim of this study was to map the epidemiology of animal bites and rabies in Oman over the period 1991-2013. In a cross-sectional, descriptive, surveillance-based study, all data about animal bites and rabies from the national communicable disease surveillance system were analysed. A total of 22 788 cases of animal bites were reported. Most bites were to males (70%) and the 10-19 year age group (26%). Cats were the most common animal and upper extremities were the most common bite site. There were 8 rabies cases reported during the study period, mostly due to bites from wild animals, with 100% mortality. Of 758 suspected animals tested, 56.1% were positive for rabies; foxes had the highest positivity rate (70.1%). The high incidence of animal bites in Oman emphasizes the importance of a rabies prevention and control programme. . L'animal mordeur le plus fréquent était le chat et les membres supérieurs représenteraient le site le plus souvent mordu. Pendant la période de l'étude, huit cas de rage ont été rapportés, essentiellement dus à des morsures par des animaux sauvages, avec un taux de mortalité de 100 %. Sur les 758 animaux suspects dépistés, 56,1 % étaient positifs pour la rage ; les renards avaient le pourcentage positif le plus élevé (70,1 %). Cette forte incidence des morsures animales à Oman souligne l'importance d'un programme de prévention et de lutte concernant la rage.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Epidemiology of rabies in Oman: a retrospective study (1991–2013)

et al. 2015

Easter Mediterr Health J

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“…In 2013, a national study on rabies indicated that animal rabies in Oman is currently endemic, and the proportion of positive rabies samples obtained from sand foxes ranged between 59% and 64%. Further, the rabies transmission has been confined to a sylvatic cycle of sand foxes (Anonymous, 1992, Ata et al, 1993, Allard, 1998, Al Ismaily et al, 2002, Hussain et al, 2013, Body et al, 2014. In addition, the molecular characterization of nucleoprotein genes of the rabies virus showed 99% homology.…”

Section: Rabiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zoonotic Diseases in Oman: Successes, Challenges, and Future Directions

Awaidy

Hashami

2020

Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases

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Objective: This article describes the situation analysis of endemic and emerging zoonoses, and includes prevention and control of zoonoses in Oman. It also suggests possible recommendations toward elimination and risk reduction of emerging zoonoses. Methods: Epidemiologic information has been drawn from official to assess the situation. There has been significant progress in reducing the risk of brucellosis, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus, Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever, and cutaneous leishmaniasis. Rabies, West Nile fever, Q fever, and cystic hydatid disease have been confined to wildlife or livestock. Results: There is an increasing threat of emerging and re-emerging zoonoses in Oman due to globalization of travel and trade, development activities, and impact of climate change and vector bionomics. Prevention, control, and subsequent elimination of zoonoses on a sustainable basis shall not be possible without intersectoral collaboration between the human and animal health sectors. There are challenges for establishing such strong collaboration and coordination mechanisms in Oman. Institutional and cultural barriers, data and resource sharing, and national capability for rapid and effective investigation of zoonotic infections and emerging zoonoses in humans and animal reservoirs are among others. Conclusions: In the light of achievements made on the prevention and control of zoonoses in Oman during the past decades, priority zoonoses should be identified for elimination, and continuous efforts should be made to further strengthen a holistic multidisciplinary and multisectorial approach for controlling zoonoses at source. Pivotal interventions would include urgent adoption of ''One Health'' strategic approach as well as establishment of a robust, integrated surveillance system with a strong laboratory investigation capacity to eliminate priority zoonoses and minimize the risk of entry, establishment, and spread of emerging zoonoses in Oman.

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“…2 Animal rabies in Oman is characterized by a red fox sylvatic cycle and cases reported in camels, cattle, goats, and sheep. 3 In Yemen, the majority of cases are reported in feral dogs. 4 Rabies is also endemic in countries bordering the north of the Peninsula: Iraq, in which most cases are reported in dogs and sporadically in wildlife, 5 and Jordan, in which cases are reported mostly in dogs and, to a lesser extent, in cattle, sheep, and goats.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rabies in Saudi Arabia: a need for epidemiological data

Memish

Assiri

Gautret

2015

International Journal of Infectious Diseases

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Rabies is endemic in animals in the Arabian Peninsula. Although Saudi Arabia is the largest country in the Peninsula, little has been published about the rabies situation in the country. A total of 11,069 animal bites to humans were reported during 2007-2009, and 40 animals suspected of rabies were examined for rabies infection from 2005 through 2010. Results suggest that animal-related injuries in Saudi Arabia remain a public health problem, with feral dogs accounting for the majority of bites to humans and for the majority of animals found to be rabid. Over the last 10 years, no confirmed human rabies case has been reported. More detailed information about the epidemiology of animal bites and that of animal rabies in Saudi Arabia would be of great interest, notably to provide a basis on which vaccination recommendations could be made for the numerous international travellers visiting the country.

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Spatio-temporal pattern of sylvatic rabies in the Sultanate of Oman, 2006–2010

Cited by 14 publications

References 15 publications

Epidemiology of rabies in Oman: a retrospective study (1991–2013)

Epidemiology of rabies in Oman: a retrospective study (1991–2013)

Zoonotic Diseases in Oman: Successes, Challenges, and Future Directions

Rabies in Saudi Arabia: a need for epidemiological data

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