Spatio-temporal Properties of Elementary Perception: An Investigation of Parallel, Serial, and Coactive Theories

Townsend, James T.; Nozawa, Georgie

doi:10.1006/jmps.1995.1033

Cited by 463 publications

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“…This conclusion was based on model-independent qualitative properties of response dynamics, as measured by tools from SFT (Townsend & Nozawa, 1995;Townsend & Altieri, 2012), and was confirmed by quantitative modeling of individuals. This effort not only yielded important results about human memory, it also demonstrated how SFT can answer important psychological questions in domains where it has previously been difficult to apply, particularly when coupled with Bayesian estimation of RT distributions (for further developments along these lines, see Houpt et al, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

“…By comparing the qualitative forms of these signatures to those allowed by each retrieval architecture, we characterize how item and associative information are retrieved and how they interact. In situations where the experimental manipulation selectively influences only one process, analytic methods alone can be used to derive predictions for these signatures (Townsend & Nozawa, 1995). We could not guarantee selective influence in our applications, however.…”

Section: Systems Factorial Analysismentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Although these explorations were quite thorough, they cannot be as definitive as analytic proofs, which remain an active area of exploration. For example, while the analytic form of the SIC is known for some classes of coactive system (Townsend & Nozawa, 1995;Fific et al, 2008;, there as yet is no general proof that covers all coactive systems, let alone those with more complex interactions of the kind we considered. While the converging evidence from our various analyses and their relation to other results in the literature (as discussed both above and below) puts our conclusions regarding memory on firm footing, our efforts also contribute to the ongoing project to understand the qualitative signatures of different cognitive systems and to develop experimental means to detect them (Townsend & Wenger, 2004;Eidels et al, 2011;Little et al, 2011;Yang et al, 2014).…”

Section: Systems Factorial Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because we could not guarantee that our repetition manipulations would selectively influence item and associative strength, we augmented analytical predictions for the SIC (Townsend & Nozawa, 1995) with simulations that examine the consequences of pooling between the two processes (for additional simulation results in high-accuracy situations, see Eidels et al, 2011).…”

Section: Appendix a Properties Of Interacting Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They may result from two independent retrieval processes operating on correlated memory structures, from interactions during retrieval itself, from some combination of these, or some even more exotic form of interaction. A set of experimental and analytical tools known as Systems Factorial Technology (SFT; Townsend & Nozawa, 1995) is designed to address exactly these questions. Applying these tools to the study of long-term memory has, however, proven difficult due to various technical limitations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Parallel interactive retrieval of item and associative information from event memory

Cox

Criss

2017

Cognitive Psychology

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Memory contains information about individual events (items) and combinations of events (associations). Despite the fundamental importance of this distinction, it remains unclear exactly how these two kinds of information are stored and whether different processes are used to retrieve them. We use both model-independent qualitative properties of response dynamics and quantitative modeling of individuals to address these issues. Item and associative information are not independent and they are retrieved concurrently via interacting processes. During retrieval, matching item and associative information mutually facilitate one another to yield an amplified holistic signal. Modeling of individuals suggests that this kind of facilitation between item and associative retrieval is a ubiquitous feature of human memory.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Section: Systems Factorial Analysismentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Systems Factorial Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Appendix a Properties Of Interacting Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Parallel interactive retrieval of item and associative information from event memory

Cox

Criss

2017

Cognitive Psychology

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Information Processing

Townsend

Torii

2006

Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science

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Sophistication in Computers J.R. Kelly, Jr.* Accepted by Trans. IRE, PGIT a Disagreement O.G. Selfridge MS No. 227 Spin-Orbit vs John-Teller J.B. Goodenough Accepted by J. Phys. Soc. Japan Deformations in Chromium Spinels 238 Negative Anisotropy in Iron-D.O. Smith Accepted by J. Phys. Soc. Japan Nickel Films 292 Some Results of Computer Simu-B.G. Farley Accepted by Proc. Fed. Amer. lation of Neuron-Like Nets Soc. Exptl. Biology 350 Cobalt Ferrite Crystal Growth from W. Kunnmann the Ternary Flux System A. Wold Na 2 0-CoO-Fe 2 0 3 E. Banks 351 Vanadium Iron Oxides

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Analysis of Response Time Distributions

Zandt

2002

Stevens' Handbook of Experimental Psychology

114

108

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Response times are one of the most commonly collected dependent measures in empirical investigations of human cognition. Issues of response time analysis are becoming more important as models are developed that make explicit predictions about the shape of the response time distribution. This chapter addresses the general problem of response time analysis. First, I present the concept that response time data form a random sample from some distribution. I discuss how random variables are characterized, defining the density, distribution, survivor and hazard functions. I pay special attention to problems of estimation, including familiar issues involving central tendency (mean) and dispersion (variance) and the effects of outliers on these statistics. I also address parameter estimation in the context of specific models of the response time distribution. Methods for obtaining empirical estimates of the distribution, density and hazard functions are presented. Finally, in the last section of the chapter, I demonstrate and discuss the use of distributional analysis in testing processing models of cognition.

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Spatio-temporal Properties of Elementary Perception: An Investigation of Parallel, Serial, and Coactive Theories

Cited by 463 publications

References 0 publications

Parallel interactive retrieval of item and associative information from event memory

Parallel interactive retrieval of item and associative information from event memory

Information Processing

Analysis of Response Time Distributions

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