Spatio-temporal solitary pulses in graded-index materials with Kerr nonlinearity

Yu, Shinn-Sheng; Chien, Chih Hung; Lai, Yinchieh; Wang, Jyhpyng

doi:10.1016/0030-4018(95)00377-k

Cited by 67 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…In Bose-Einstein condensates (BEC) [26], the macroscopic quantum self-trapping of an initial population imbalance occurs because of interatomic interaction in the Bose gas. The self-cleaning process may thus be seen as an analogous phenomenon for the ensemble of photons in a multimode fibre.Our experimental observations are qualitatively well reproduced by numerical simulations performed by solving a generalized version of the nonlinear Schrödinger equation (GNLSE3D), comprising two transverse spatial coordinates x,y (to account for the spatial beam distribution), the time domain t and the propagation coordinate z [6,23,[27][28][29]. Numerical simulations of spatial and spectral beam evolution along the fibre are displayed in Fig.5.…”

supporting

confidence: 53%

“…Our experimental observations are qualitatively well reproduced by numerical simulations performed by solving a generalized version of the nonlinear Schrödinger equation (GNLSE3D), comprising two transverse spatial coordinates x,y (to account for the spatial beam distribution), the time domain t and the propagation coordinate z [6,23,[27][28][29]. Numerical simulations of spatial and spectral beam evolution along the fibre are displayed in Fig.5.…”

supporting

confidence: 53%

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mentioning

confidence: 88%

“…MMFs could provide a solution to meet increasing demands of new breakthrough technologies for light control and manipulation in communications, high-power fibre lasers and metrology [1,2,16]. In fundamental physics, MMFs may provide a natural tool for investigating spatiotemporal soliton dynamics [5,6], and for unveiling new, exciting nonlinear phenomena [3,4,9,13].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Spatial beam self-cleaning in multimode fibres

et al. 2017

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Multimode optical fibres are enjoying a renewed attention, boosted by the urgent need to overcome the current capacity crunch of single-mode fibre systems and by recent advances in multimode complex nonlinear optics [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. In this work, we demonstrate that standard multimode fibres can be used as ultrafast all-optical tool for transverse beam manipulation of high power laser pulses. Our experimental data show that the Kerr effect in a graded-index multimode fibre is the driving mechanism for overcoming speckle distortions, leading to a somewhat counter-intuitive effect resulting in a spatially clean output beam robust against fibre bending. Our observations demonstrate that nonlinear beam reshaping into the fundamental mode of a multimode fibre can be achieved even in the absence of a dissipative process such as stimulated scattering (Raman or Brillouin) [14,15].Beam propagation in multimode fibres (MMFs) is subject to a complex interplay of spatio-temporal processes. However, only few studies addressed nonlinear pulse propagation in MMFs, leaving this field largely untapped for the past thirty years. Very recently, there has been a resurgence of interest in MMFs for both fundamental and applied research. MMFs could provide a solution to meet increasing demands of new breakthrough technologies for light control and manipulation in communications, high-power fibre lasers and metrology [1,2,16]. In fundamental physics, MMFs may provide a natural tool for investigating spatiotemporal soliton dynamics [5,6], and for unveiling new, exciting nonlinear phenomena [3,4,9,13].It is well known that light experiences an inherent randomization when propagating along MMFs, whereby input laser beams of high spatial quality fade into irregular granularities called speckles. Fibre stress or bending, as well as technological irregularities of the fibre, couple different guided modes and introduce supplementary randomization of the transmission features. For this reason, MMFs are not ideally suited for beam delivery and were replaced by single-mode fibres (SMFs) since the early days of optical communications. Recent works demonstrated that specific signal-processing algorithms could be used to predict or manage the beam shape at the output of a MMF by controlling its input field [17][18][19]. In particular, the application of multiple-input, multiple-output (MIMO) digital signal processing techniques enables the use of spatial-division multiplexing based on MMFs [2]. For high-power beam delivery applications, the spontaneous recovery of spatial beam quality in MMFs has so far been experimentally achieved exclusively through nonlinear dissipative processes such as stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) [14] or stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) [20]. However, these techniques do not lead to any self-cleaning of the input laser beam. It is now known that for powers above a critical level (few MWs) self-phase modulation (SPM) may overcome diffraction for any size of the beam, and this may in turn c...

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supporting

confidence: 53%

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…”

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confidence: 88%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spatial beam self-cleaning in multimode fibres

et al. 2017

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“…The potential impact of soliton formation in multimode fibre was appreciated by early workers [8][9][10] . More recently, multimode fibre has been considered theoretically as an environment that could support spatiotemporal solitons 11,12 , or light bullets, which attract interest owing to their particle-like nature and potential for all-optical switching [13][14][15][16] . Perhaps surprisingly, no experiments have been reported despite the theoretical progress.…”

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confidence: 99%

Optical solitons in graded-index multimode fibres

2013

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Solitons are non-dispersing localized waves that occur in diverse physical settings, including liquids, optical fibres, plasmas and condensed matter. They attract interest owing to their particle-like nature and are useful for applications such as in telecommunications. A variety of optical solitons have been observed, but versions that involve both spatial and temporal degrees of freedom are rare. Optical fibres designed to support multiple transverse modes offer opportunities to study wave propagation in a setting that is intermediate between single-mode fibre and free-space propagation. Here we report the observation of optical solitons and soliton self-frequency shifting in graded-index multimode fibre. These wave packets can be modelled as multicomponent solitons, or as solitons of the Gross-Pitaevskii equation. Solitons in graded-index fibres should enable increased data rates in low-cost telecommunications systems, are pertinent to space-division multiplexing, and can offer a new route to mode-area scaling for high-power lasers and transmission.

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