Spatio-temporal variation of groundwater hydrochemistry and suitability for drinking and irrigation in Arba Minch Town, Ethiopia: An integrated approach using water quality index, multivariate statistics, and GIS

Mohamed, Nimcan Abdi; Wachemo, Akiber Chufo; Karuppannan, Shankar; Karunanidhi, D.

doi:10.1016/j.uclim.2022.101338

Cited by 32 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…It is calculated as a difference between the water's concentrations of calcium and magnesium ions and bicarbonate and carbonate ions (Eaton, 1950). RSC can be calculated as shown in Equation ( 6) (Mohamed et al, 2022):…”

Section: Residual Sodium Carbonatementioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogeochemistry and Groundwater Quality Assessment in Gujarat

Dalsania,

Pandey,

Sircar

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Assessing water quality is crucial for ensuring the availability of safe drinking water, sustainable agricultural practices, and safe industrial utilization. This paper presents a comprehensive study conducted over a five-year period in Lasundra, Savarkundla, Saputara, and Junagadh to determine whether the water is suitable for drinking, irrigation, and industrial use. The objective is to offer insightful information on the long-term fluctuations and trends in water quality in these areas. The collected data were utilized to calculate water quality indices specifically tailored for drinking, irrigation, and industrial purposes. The essential Water Quality Indices such as Ryznar Stability Index (RSI) and Langelier Saturation Index (LSI) have been examined for industrial application and primary indices like Sodium Absorption Ratio (SAR), Residual Sodium Carbonate (RSC), Kelly’s Ratio (KR), Potential Salinity (PS) and Permeability Index (PI) have been examined for drinking and irrigational applications of groundwater. These indices provided a quantitative assessment of overall water quality, enabling comparative analysis across the four study areas. Furthermore, advanced visualization techniques such as Piper, Wilcox, and Schoeller plots were illustrated to understand the changes in physiochemical characteristics over a five-year period. The results can help policymakers, water resource managers, and local communities in implementing appropriate measures to safeguard water resources, improve treatment processes, and enhance the water's quality for use in industrial, agricultural, and drinking purposes.

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Section: Residual Sodium Carbonatementioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogeochemistry and Groundwater Quality Assessment in Gujarat

Dalsania,

Pandey,

Sircar

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…Properties of soil such as structure, texture, and fltration rate are also afected [26][27][28]. With respect to the geochemical studies, water usage provides an understanding of changes in quality as development progresses, which in turn provides limited information about total development, or can allow the planning for appropriate treatment that provides the quality of water supply in the future [29][30][31][32]. Water quality evaluation has become inevitable in water resource management as a result of the increased degradation of water quality in connection to human activities [33].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Groundwater Quality and Suitability Assessment in Tirupur Region, Tamil Nadu, India

G.,

Kothandaraman,

Karuppanan

et al. 2024

Journal of Chemistry

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The study aims to understand the hydrochemical characteristics and groundwater suitability for agricultural and drinking purposes. For this purpose, 21 groundwater samples were collected, and major physicochemical parameters such as pH, EC, TDS, temp, salinity, Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, HCO3−, Cl−, and SO42− were analyzed, followed by the standard analytical procedures. Different groundwater quality graphical representations were constructed by using Aqua Chem software. The results indicate groundwater samples were alkaline with fresh to moderate saline in nature, sixty-eight percent of the samples were suitable for drinking in accordance with WHO, and thirty-two percent of the samples were unsuitable due to the excess amount of different ionic concentrations derived from natural and various anthropogenic sources. Irrigation water quality parameters such as SAR, EC, PI, Na %, RSBC, MR, and KR were used to understand the irrigation suitability. The US salinity diagram exemplifies that most groundwater samples fall in the C3S1 category with high salinity hazard and low alkali hazard. The Wilcox plot reveals that 80% of the samples were found under very good to permissible limits, and few samples fall with doubtful to unsuitable quality due to the excess amount of alkali and salinity. Permeability index values show that groundwater is suitable for irrigation. Three major hydrochemical facies were identified with the dominance order of mixed CaMgCl, NaCl, and CaCl. Gibb’s plot suggests that evaporation and rock-water interaction are the dominant natural mechanisms controlling the groundwater chemistry in the present study area.

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“…Although safeguarding surface water is challenging and expensive, pollution often results from even prospective anthropogenic activity, which can go unnoticed for years [7]. The difficulties caused by eutrophication are primarily felt in developing nations, particularly those in the tropics, where constant sun input and hot temperatures support year-round algal blooms [8]. In a broader context, unplanned and unsustainable surface water use is having a severe impact on water storage [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anthropogenic Effects on Surface Water Quality Assessment in Baitarani River Basin, Odisha Using GIS and MCDM Techniques

Das

2023

Integrated Water Resources Management for Quality Enhancement

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Surface water is necessary for the sustainable expansion of society, economy, and agriculture in and around Baitarani Basin, Odisha. 22 significant surface water regulating variables were collected from 13 locations during the 5-year (2018-2023) monsoon period and were, developed by combining entropy-based water quality index (EWQI) data and TOPSIS analysis was carried out to determine surface water prospect zones. The selected catchments and its spatial maps were designated and the anticipated surface water zone model's results were divided into four groups: excellent (15.38%), good (38.46%), medium (15.3%) and poor (30.77%). However, TOPSIS, a multi-objective judgement tool, was used to rank the sites based on their relative emissions of harmful pollutants. Findings suggest that St-8 obtained the highest performance score and was recognized, as perhaps, the most polluted location in comparison to other remaining sites. Urbanization, irrigation, landfills, and e-waste are the primary agents for water quality deterioration. Chemical indices such as SAR, RSC, MH, KI, PS, PI, CR, CAI-1, and CAI-2, were evaluated and the results demonstrated that the river is good for irrigation. USSL diagrams categorized the water samples as C1-S1 and C2-S1, respectively, which promotes irrigation suitability. From the Piper and Durov diagram plots, two different types of water were identified as Na+-Cl- and Ca (HCO3)2. On the other hand, Gibb’s plot implies that most samples fall under the evaporation-precipitation dominance.

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Spatio-temporal variation of groundwater hydrochemistry and suitability for drinking and irrigation in Arba Minch Town, Ethiopia: An integrated approach using water quality index, multivariate statistics, and GIS

Cited by 32 publications

References 45 publications

Hydrogeochemistry and Groundwater Quality Assessment in Gujarat

Hydrogeochemistry and Groundwater Quality Assessment in Gujarat

Groundwater Quality and Suitability Assessment in Tirupur Region, Tamil Nadu, India

Anthropogenic Effects on Surface Water Quality Assessment in Baitarani River Basin, Odisha Using GIS and MCDM Techniques

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