Spatioregional assessment of the gut microbiota in experimental necrotizing pancreatitis

Abstract

Background Infectious complications following experimental pancreatitis involve major disruptions in the gut microbiota. The aim of this study was to characterize this disruption by examining the spatioregional distribution in microbial community structure and function following experimental pancreatitis associated with pancreatic infection. Methods Mice were subjected to infusion of the pancreatic duct with either taurocholate to induce necrotizing pancreatitis or normal saline (control group). The spatial (lumen versus mucosa) and regional composition and function of the microbiota from the duodenum, ileum, caecum, colon, pancreas and blood were evaluated using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. Results Mice that developed necrotizing pancreatitis demonstrated a decrease in microbial richness and significantly altered microbiota in distal parts of the gastrointestinal tract, compared with controls. Among the most differentially increased taxa were the mucus-degrading Akkermansia muciniphila, and there was a decrease of butyrate-producing bacteria following pancreatitis. Application of the SourceTracker tool to the generated metadata indicated that the duodenum was the most probable source of bacteria that subsequently infected pancreatic tissue in this model. The functional prediction annotation using pathway analyses indicated a diminished capacity of the caecal microbiota to metabolize carbohydrate, and fatty and amino acids. Discussion The distal gut microbiota was significantly impacted in this model of experimental necrotizing pancreatitis. Data suggest that the duodenal microbiota might also play a role in bacterial translation and secondary infections.

Based on multi omics analysis of gut microbiota characteristics in patients with acute pancreatitis and exploring the possible mechanism of its exacerbation trend from the level of microbiota and its metabolites

“…Specifically, at the phylum level, significant differences in abundance were found for p_Verrucomicrobiota, p_Desulfobacterota, p_Fusobacteriota, p_Actinobacteriota, p_Proteobacteria, p_Euryarchaeota, and p_Nitrosp Seven species et al At the genus level, a total of 86 species showed significant differences between these two groups; while at the species level, 85 species exhibited significant variations. To gain deeper insights into these distinctions, we conducted PCA (principal component analysis) and PCoA (principal coordinate analysis) Increasing evidence has demonstrated that the composition of the intestinal microbiome differs between healthy and diseased states, and an imbalanced microbiome can contribute to alterations in the pathophysiology of gastrointestinal diseases as well as extraintestinal conditions such as pancreatitis [10]. Furthermore, metabolites derived from gut microbiota play a crucial role in the progression of acute pancreatitis (AP), with some exerting beneficial effects while others exhibiting harmful properties.…”

In vitro co-metabolism of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) by the mucin-degrading bacterium Akkermansia muciniphila

“…muciniphila and metabolic diseases including HIV [ 5 ] and several cancers [ 8 – 10 , 39 ], and high abundances of A . muciniphila have also been associated with colitis and metabolic syndrome [ 47 ] and pancreatitis in mice [ 48 ]. As A .…”

Health and Disease:Akkermansia muciniphila, the Shining Star of the Gut Flora

“…A. muciniphila abundance is also associated with necrotizing pancreatitis, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), diverticular disease, and drug-induced liver injury. The abundance of A. muciniphila is significantly higher in patients with necrotizing pancreatitis than in healthy controls [ 141 ]. A. muciniphila abundance in symptomatic uncomplicated diverticular disease (SUDD) and asymptomatic diverticulosis is significantly higher than that in healthy controls [ 142 ].…”