Spatiotemporal Affordability Evaluation of Water Services in China: A Functional Cost‐Price Model

Abstract

Figure 4. Spatial distribution of a) WCAD, b) PC, c) FC, d) CC, e) WPAD, f) IP, g) RP, and h) PP in China.

Towards a Greener Future: How do R&D Factor Market Distortions Affect Green Total Factor Energy Efficiency?

“…In fact, the price of R&D capital is generally undervalued because of interest rate regulations. [23] Low capital prices stimulate enterprises to use tangible elements, [24] expand production scale, increase pollution emissions and energy consumption, and thus restrain GTFEE. On the other hand, distortion produces a mismatch phenomenon, causing serious financial constraints on high-efficiency enterprises meaning enterprises bear greater risks in R&D, thus, reducing energy technology efficiency and suppressing GTFEE.…”

Yellow corn wholesale price forecasts via the neural network

“…For example, they offer useful insights into setting future sales prices to agricultural commodity processors, provide necessary information for reaching contractual requirements to trading partners, shed light on potential opportunities for seeking profits in spot and futures markets and suggest possible gaps in risk management and policy assessments to policy makers. As price volatilities tend to be rather irregular (Marfatia, Ji, & Luo, 2022; Xu, 2017, Xu, 2020; Yang, Du, Lu, & Tejeda, 2022, Yang, Ge, & Li, 2022), different price levels have immense impacts on business and policy decisions (Ricome & Reynaud, 2022; Wang et al ., 2022; Warren-Vega, Aguilar-Hernández, Zárate-Guzmán, Campos-Rodríguez, & Romero-Cano, 2022; Xu, 2014; Xu & Thurman, 2015), and ultimately on allocations of resources and social welfare (Liu, Fang, Zhang, Zhong, & Chen, 2022; Ma, Zhang, Song, & Yu, 2022; Xu, 2019, Xu, 2019); price forecasting’s significance to the agricultural economic sector should not call for too much motivation.…”