Spatiotemporal change and driving factors of ecological status in Inner Mongolia based on the modified remote sensing ecological index

Abstract

Remote sensing monitoring of regional ecological quality has advanced significantly with the rapid developments of remote sensing technology. At present, remote sensing ecological index (RSEI) has been widely used in ecological status monitoring. However, RSEI was proposed for urban environments, and the rationality and accuracy of its applicability to desert-dominated arid zone ecosystems need to be demonstrated. Therefore, in this study, we incorporated desertification monitoring index (DMI) and salinity monitoring index (SMI) to RSEI and developed the modified remote sensing ecological index (MRSEI) for arid regions. Moreover, we analyzed the stability of MRSEI in ecological status monitoring for arid regions. The MRSEI was then used to evaluate the ecological quality of Inner Mongolia from 2000 to 2020 and exploring its causes. The results show that (1) Although the evaluation results of RSEI and MRSEI are more consistent in areas with high ecological status grades, the MRSEI results are more cautious and reliable in extreme conditions (e.g., desertification, salinization) than the RSEI. ( 2) Approximately 87.66% of ecological quality have improved or remain stable from 2000 to 2020, but the remaining areas (accounting for 12.34% of the whole area) are still under degraded conditions. This demonstrates that although local governments have made some progress in ecological conservation, the areas that are fluctuating or degraded still require protection or management. (3) In Inner Mongolia, the ecological quality which drove by precipitation (P) & temperature (T) accounting for 26.67% of the study area, population density (D) and GDP per capita (G) affected 13.23% of regional ecological quality. Overall, this research is crucial for evaluating spatial and temporal changes in arid region ecology and establishing conservation strategies.

Isolation and Identification of Salinity-Tolerant Rhizobia and Nodulation Phenotype Analysis in Different Soybean Germplasms

“…The saline-alkali land area in China is about 99.13 million hectares, accounting for about 5% of the available land area [32,33], the utilization of which will greatly improve the supply of agricultural products. For example, about 23% of the land in Inner Mongolia is saline land, covering a comprehensive area of up to 7.63 million hectares [34]. In recent years, many scientists have conducted a significant amount of research on the negative effects of salt stress on soybeans.…”

Assessing the Spatiotemporal Evolution and Drivers of Ecological Environment Quality Using an Enhanced Remote Sensing Ecological Index in Lanzhou City, China

“…Thus, the MRSEI can represent the environmental quality using these five indicators. To evaluate the effectiveness of the MRSEI, this paper compared the RSEI and MR-SEI [24,37,38], as shown in Figure 3. The RSEI and MRSEI roughly had the same trend in the evaluation of the environmental quality in Lanzhou City, but there were differences in the spatial distribution and degree.…”

Detecting Long-Term Series Eco-Environmental Quality Changes and Driving Factors Using the Remote Sensing Ecological Index with Salinity Adaptability (RSEISI): A Case Study in the Tarim River Basin, China

“…Wang et al [14] constructed a drought remotesensing index for EEQ monitoring in the Central Asia Aral Sea Basin by incorporating landdegradation indicators. Bai et al [15] developed an enhanced ecological index for remotesensing applications in arid areas by integrating desertification and salinity indicators. These studies have shown that the improved index is more applicable to arid regions.…”