Spatiotemporal Characteristics and Associated Synoptic Patterns of Extremely Persistent Heavy Rainfall in Southern China

Abstract

Heavy rainfall, which usually occurs over a certain concentrated period with a large amount of precipitation over an event, can cause natural disasters such as torrents and debris flows, leading to human casualties and huge losses of property. Additionally, with rapid urbanization and the restricted surface waterlogging controls in cities, heavy rainfall can exaggerate urban waterlogging and traffic congestion, which has become common in recent years and has attracted much attention (M. Wu et al., 2019). China, which is strongly affected by monsoons, has unique precipitation characteristics, which have been extensively studied. Most previous precipitation studies have been based on daily or monthly precipitation data, which were used to investigate spatiotemporal distribution characteristics over longer time scales (Gong & Ho, 2002; R. Wu et al., 2010). In recent years, with the availability of refined observations, higher-resolution hourly precipitation data have been used to study on hourly extreme rainfall (

Characteristics and Preliminary Causes of Extremely Persistent Heavy Rainfall Generated by Landfalling Tropical Cyclones Over China

“…C. Zhang et al. (2021) also found similar conclusions when studying non‐TC‐generated EPHR in southern China. Figures 4b and 4c presents the GT and fading time (FT) distribution of LTC‐generated EPHR events from 2009 to 2019 in southeast China, where GT refers to the time from the start of precipitation to the start of EPHR, and FT refers to the duration of time from the end of EPHR to the disappearance of precipitation.…”

“…Compared with the national rain gauges data set, this data set efficiently reflects the characteristics of short‐term heavy rainfall (HR), especially by depicting the impact of terrain (Zhou et al., 2015). The product thus has been widely applied to HR studies over southern China in recent years (Wang et al., 2021; C. Zhang et al., 2021).…”

“…EPHR has been defined in the previous study by the following conditions (C. Zhang et al., 2021). For a single grid (0.1° × 0.1°), (a) if the precipitation within a single hour is ≥0.1 mm, precipitation occurs at the grid point.…”

“…In general, there are two typical categories of hourly extreme rainfall (i.e., EXHP and extremely persistent heavy rainfall (EPHR)). EPHR was defined to delineate the extreme duration of extreme precipitation in an hourly scale (C. Zhang et al., 2021). Previous studies have investigated the basic characteristics of non‐TC‐generated EPHR in southern China, including spatiotemporal distribution, diurnal cycles, and associated synoptic patterns.…”

Uplift Mechanism of Coastal Extremely Persistent Heavy Rainfall (EPHR): The Key Role of Low‐Level Jets and Ageostrophic Winds in the Boundary Layer

“…According to the definition by C. Zhang et al. (2021), a period of persistent heavy rainfall (PHR) in a single 0.1° grid extends from the time at which precipitation reaches ≥20 mm hr −1 to the time at which there has been <20 mm hr −1 precipitation for at least two consecutive hours. This definition of PHR allows for an “intermittent” period of <20 mm hr −1 precipitation during the rainfall event.…”