Spatiotemporal Coding in the Macaque Supplementary Eye Fields: Landmark Influence in the Target-to-Gaze Transformation

Bharmauria, Vishal; Sajad, Amirsaman; Yan, Xiaogang; Wang, Hongying; Crawford, J. Douglas

doi:10.1523/eneuro.0446-20.2020

Cited by 13 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 103 publications

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“…No reuse allowed without permission. These populations showed means and medians between T and G, but extend beyond T 3 and G, a phenomenon that has been noted in previous studies of intermediate reference frames in both real and artificial neural populations12,15,16,20,[29][30][31] . Both…”

supporting

confidence: 67%

“…It is noteworthy that in 4 our model this area corresponded to the spatial 'reward window' provided to the influence of the actual landmark shift, resulting in a partial shift in the gaze distribution in 5 the same direction (R3,C4). This has been observed in the premotor FEF/SEF 5 responses that follows the landmark shift 15,16 and can be explained by optimal 5 integration theory 6,56 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 90%

“…In the absence of a visual landmark, gaze-related frontal activity simply grows more ‘noisy’ through time 12–14 . However, in the presence of a shifting landmark, both the frontal (FEF) and supplementary (SEF) eye fields detect these shifts, ultimately integrating this information into their egocentric (eye-centered) gaze commands 15,16 . However, other oculomotor studies suggest that these areas, especially the SEF, are involved in predictive gaze behaviors 17–19 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7) and the general principle of reward/effort maximization 5 57,58 , we propose the following explanation for our neurophysiological data. Our previous 5 results suggest that the FEF and SEF continue to show an eye-centered target-relative-5 to-eye to gaze-relative-to-eye transformation for saccades in the presence of a 5 landmark 15,16 , but their visual signals are influenced by landmarks in a fashion that 5 depends on target-landmark configuration 32 . Thus target-landmark configuration 5 information is present from the start of each trial, but our new data here suggest that 5 these interactions are influenced over time by the expectation of future probabilistic 5 events and reward 16,61 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 96%

“…One (Fig. responses encode future gaze position in this task 15,16 , which must include the circular 5 patterns observed here in the behavior. One would expect the same to hold true in the 5 motor response of the superior colliculus.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Gaze-Related Activity in Primate Frontal Cortex Predicts and Mitigates Spatial Uncertainty

Bharmauria

Yan

et al. 2021

Preprint

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A remarkable feature of primate behavior is the ability to predict future events based on past experience and current sensory cues. To understand how the brain plans movements in the presence of unstable cues, we recorded gaze-related activity in the frontal cortex of two monkeys engaged in a quasi-predictable cue-conflict task. Animals were trained to look toward remembered visual targets in the presence of a landmark that shifted with fixed amplitude but randomized direction. As simulated by a probabilistic model based on known physiology/behavior, gaze end points assumed a circular distribution around the target, mirroring the possible directions of the landmark shift. This predictive strategy was reflected in frontal cortex activity (especially supplementary eye fields), which anticipated future gaze distributions before the actual landmark shift. In general, these results implicate prefrontal cortex in the predictive integration of environmental cues and their learned statistical properties to mitigate spatial uncertainty.

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confidence: 67%

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confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 96%

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confidence: 99%

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Gaze-Related Activity in Primate Frontal Cortex Predicts and Mitigates Spatial Uncertainty

Bharmauria

Yan

et al. 2021

Preprint

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KETAMINE: Neural- and network-level changes

Bharmauria,

Ramezanpour,

Ouelhazi

et al. 2024

Neuroscience

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Integration of landmark and saccade target signals in macaque frontal cortex visual responses

Schütz,

Bharmauria,

Yan

et al. 2023

Commun Biol

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Visual landmarks influence spatial cognition and behavior, but their influence on visual codes for action is poorly understood. Here, we test landmark influence on the visual response to saccade targets recorded from 312 frontal and 256 supplementary eye field neurons in rhesus macaques. Visual response fields are characterized by recording neural responses to various target-landmark combinations, and then we test against several candidate spatial models. Overall, frontal/supplementary eye fields response fields preferentially code either saccade targets (40%/40%) or landmarks (30%/4.5%) in gaze fixation-centered coordinates, but most cells show multiplexed target-landmark coding within intermediate reference frames (between fixation-centered and landmark-centered). Further, these coding schemes interact: neurons with near-equal target and landmark coding show the biggest shift from fixation-centered toward landmark-centered target coding. These data show that landmark information is preserved and influences target coding in prefrontal visual responses, likely to stabilize movement goals in the presence of noisy egocentric signals.

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Spatiotemporal Coding in the Macaque Supplementary Eye Fields: Landmark Influence in the Target-to-Gaze Transformation

Cited by 13 publications

References 103 publications

Gaze-Related Activity in Primate Frontal Cortex Predicts and Mitigates Spatial Uncertainty

Gaze-Related Activity in Primate Frontal Cortex Predicts and Mitigates Spatial Uncertainty

KETAMINE: Neural- and network-level changes

Integration of landmark and saccade target signals in macaque frontal cortex visual responses

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