Spatiotemporal distribution of apoptosis during normal cloacal development in mice

Sasaki, Chiharu; Yamaguchi, Kumiko; Akita, Keiichi

doi:10.1002/ar.a.20062

Cited by 43 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Recently, Sasaki et al (2004) and Yamaguchi et al (2008), studying mouse embryos, demonstrated an intimate topographical relationship between the bulbospongiosus and the EAS promordium. Valasek et al (2005), using chick and mouse embryos, confirmed experimentally that all perineal muscles including the EAS are derived from the ventral muscle mass of the hind limb.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of the external anal sphincter with special reference to intergender difference: observations of mid-term fetuses (15-30 weeks of gestation)

Arakawa¹,

Hayashi

Kinugasa

et al. 2010

Okajimas Folia Anat. Jpn.

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Summary: To investigate intergender differences in muscle cleavage and joining during development of the external anal sphincter (EAS), we examined semiserial sections of 16 fetuses between 15 and 30 weeks of gestation (6 males and 10 females). The subcutaneous part of the EAS (EASsc) developed along the male perineal raphe and extended posteriorly. Thus, the male EAS was characterized by anterior protrusion of the subcutaneous muscle, in contrast to the almost circular female EAS. In both genders, the bulbospongiosus anlage (or the levator ani anlage) issued muscle fibers to form the superficial (or deep) part of the EAS. The EASsc communicated with the superficial part in males, whereas the female bulbospongiosus tended to communicate with the levator ani rather than the EAS. In both genders, the longitudinal muscle bundle(s) of the anorectum contributed to perineal body formation. However, the male perineal body also had a thick fascia between the rhabdosphincter and the levator. The bulbospongiosus seems to play a critical role in forming the EAS. A strict intergender difference in subcutaneous muscle development is evident along the perineal raphe, as the raphe is not evident in females. These results help to explain variations in the EAS, including anal malformations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of the external anal sphincter with special reference to intergender difference: observations of mid-term fetuses (15-30 weeks of gestation)

Arakawa¹,

Hayashi

Kinugasa

et al. 2010

Okajimas Folia Anat. Jpn.

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“…Understanding how ARMS develop requires a knowledge of how the urorectal area normally develops; however, the mechanism by which the mammalian cloaca forms the urorectal sinus and anal canal is still a contentious issue (Sasaki et al, 2004a). The external development of zebrafish embryos allows the urorectal area to be examined in vivo as it matures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hedgehog signalling is required for cloacal development in the zebrafish embryo

Parkin¹,

Allen²,

Ingham³

2009

Int. J. Dev. Biol.

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The Hedgehog (Hh) family of signalling molecules is essential for a wide range of developmental processes. Mammalian studies have implicated the Hedgehog pathway in the aetiology of anorectal malformations (ARMs), relatively common congenital anomalies caused by failures in the development of the cloaca. In this study we demonstrate that Hh signalling is absolutely required for the formation of the zebrafish cloaca and that the severity of the posterior gut abnormalities induced by a reduction in Hh activity is dependent on the levels of Hh signal transduction. The complete loss of all Hh activity results in the most severe defects and the critical period for Hh activity is between 34 and 74 hours post fertilisation. Using a range of mutant genotypes that cause notochord and floorplate abnormalities, we show that the source of the Hh signals required for posterior gut formation is the endoderm and not the notochord, as previously postulated in mammalian models of ARMs. We show that Adriamycin, a drug known to cause ARMs in rat, but not chick embryos, has no effect on the development of the zebrafish gastrointestinal tract. These studies establish the zebrafish as a model for ARMs, and for the elucidation of other pathways involved in hindgut developmental processes.

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“…1C,H and Fig. 2C; Nievelstein et al, 1998;Perriton et al, 2002;Sasaki et al, 2004;Seifert et al, 2008Seifert et al, , 2009aLin et al, 2009;Ng et al, 2014;Ching et al, 2014;Miyagawa et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

An illustrated anatomical ontology of the developing mouse lower urogenital tract

et al. 2015

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Malformation of the urogenital tract represents a considerable paediatric burden, with many defects affecting the lower urinary tract (LUT), genital tubercle and associated structures. Understanding the molecular basis of such defects frequently draws on murine models. However, human anatomical terms do not always superimpose on the mouse, and the lack of accurate and standardised nomenclature is hampering the utility of such animal models. We previously developed an anatomical ontology for the murine urogenital system. Here, we present a comprehensive update of this ontology pertaining to mouse LUT, genital tubercle and associated reproductive structures (E10.5 to adult). Ontology changes were based on recently published insights into the cellular and gross anatomy of these structures, and on new analyses of epithelial cell types present in the pelvic urethra and regions of the bladder. Ontology changes include new structures, tissue layers and cell types within the LUT, external genitalia and lower reproductive structures. Representative illustrations, detailed text descriptions and molecular markers that selectively label muscle, nerves/ganglia and epithelia of the lower urogenital system are also presented. The revised ontology will be an important tool for researchers studying urogenital development/malformation in mouse models and will improve our capacity to appropriately interpret these with respect to the human situation.

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Spatiotemporal distribution of apoptosis during normal cloacal development in mice

Cited by 43 publications

References 40 publications

Development of the external anal sphincter with special reference to intergender difference: observations of mid-term fetuses (15-30 weeks of gestation)

Development of the external anal sphincter with special reference to intergender difference: observations of mid-term fetuses (15-30 weeks of gestation)

Hedgehog signalling is required for cloacal development in the zebrafish embryo

An illustrated anatomical ontology of the developing mouse lower urogenital tract

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