Special considerations for prescription of glasses in children

Sainani, Ashwin

doi:10.4103/2320-3897.116861

Cited by 13 publications

(16 citation statements)

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“…In this study, the RE cut-off points were defined based on the American guidelines for spectacle-prescribing recommendations of the American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus (AAPOS) as follows: 7 1) Hypermetropia was ≥+3 Diopters in children of all ages. 2) Myopia was ≥-3 Diopters in children ages 3-6 years, ≥-1 Diopters in children ages 6 and more years.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of uncorrected refractive errors among children aged 3-10 years in western Saudi Arabia

Alrahili

Jadidy

Alahmadi

et al. 2017

SMJ

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Objectives:To determine the prevalence of uncorrected refractive errors (URE) among children 3-10 years and to affirm the necessity of a national school-based visual screening program for school-aged children.Methods:This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted in Medina, Saudi Arabia in 2015. Children were selected through a multistage stratified random sampling from 8 kindergarten and 8 primary schools. Those included were screened to diagnose UREs using a visual acuity chart and an auto refractometer according to American guidelines. The prevalence and types of UREs were estimated.Results:Of the 2121 children enumerated, 1893 were examined, yielding a response rate of 89.3%. The prevalence of UREs was 34.9% (95% CI = 32.8%-37.1%), with significant differences in different age groups. The prevalence of astigmatism (25.3%) was higher compared to that of anisometropia (7.4%), hypermetropia (1.5%), and myopia (0.7%). Risk of uncorrected refractive error was positively associated with age, and this was noted in astigmatism, myopia, and anisometropia. In addition, the risk of hypermetropia was associated with boys and that of myopia was associated with girls.Conclusions:The prevalence of UREs, particularly astigmatism, was high among children aged 3-10 years in Medina, with significant age differences. Vision screening programs targeting kindergarten and primary schoolchildren are crucial to lessen the risk of preventable visual impairment due to UREs.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of uncorrected refractive errors among children aged 3-10 years in western Saudi Arabia

Alrahili

Jadidy

Alahmadi

et al. 2017

SMJ

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“…The synopsis of the responses to the survey questions is depicted in Table 1 . The “desirable response” to a given specific case-based situation (for survey Q3–Q9), as per concepts in published literature, is also highlighted alongside[ 1 2 3 4 5 ] [ Table 1 ]. For the majority of pertinent issues, concerning pediatric refraction, there were discrepancies between the survey responses and the “desirable” responses[ 1 2 3 4 5 ] [ Table 2 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spectacle prescription in children: Understanding practical approach of Indian ophthalmologists

Monga

Dave²

2018

Indian J Ophthalmol

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Purpose:The aim of this study is to survey the management approach, regarding spectacle prescription in children, among Indian ophthalmologists.Methods:A web-based, anonymous questionnaire (multiple choice questions dealing with practical aspects of pediatric refraction), was sent to available database of Indian ophthalmologists. The survey responses (depicted in %) were compared using the amount of pediatric clientele in one's practice (Group A: <25%, Group B: 25% or more). The responses were also analyzed in relation to the published concepts from literature.Results:Two hundred and ten ophthalmologists (2.74% response rate; 48% in Group A), from all over India, responded to the survey. There were wide discrepancies in the responses (both, in and among, Groups A and B; P > 0.05, Chi-square test), as to when and how much refractive error to prescribe in children, for a given situation.Conclusion:A wide gap exists between pediatric spectacle prescription patterns of Indian ophthalmologists, as compared to the recommended pediatric ophthalmology protocols. The management approach, for certain situations concerning the pediatric refraction, was better among those with higher pediatric clientele.

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“…Sonuçta iki göz arasındaki sferik refraksiyon kusuru farkı arttıkça ambliyopi riski de artmaktadır. Tablo 2'de Amerikan Akademi tarafından belirlenen çocuklarda ölçülen refraksiyon değerlerine göre ambliyopi gelişebilme riskine bağlı gözlük yazılma kriterleri gösterilmiştir (28).…”

Section: Anizometropik Ambliyopiunclassified

“…Sonuç olarak organik bir lezyon olmaksızın, en iyi görme keskinliğinde Snellen eşeline göre 2 sıra ya da daha fazla ( >1 log ünit) fark olması amliyopi için tanı koydurucudur. Ambliyopisi olan çocukları muayeneyle saptamak için yaşlara göre önerilen testler Tablo 2'de gösterilmiştir (28).…”

Section: Klinik Ve Tanıunclassified

Ambliyopide Son Durum

Yaşar

2017

Osmangazi̇ Journal of Medicine

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Özet: Ambliyopi, organik bir göz patolojisi olmamasına rağmen görme keskinliğinde tek veya çift taraflı azalma olmasıdır. Çocuklar ve genç erişkinlerde tek taraflı görme azlığının en sık sebepi ambliyopi olup genel toplumda görülme sıklığı %1-5 arasında değişmektedir. Ambliyopide kritik yaş ilk 4 yaş olmakla birlikte 6-7 yaşta saptanan olgularda tedavi ile başarı şansı yüksektir. Zamanında saptanıp uygun tedavisi yapıldığında ambliyopiye bağlı görme kaybı geri dönüşümlüdür ve bu kitik süre geçtiğinde ise görme kaybı yaşam boyu sürekli hale gelmektedir. Ambliyopinin en sık sebepleri anizometropi, şaşılık ya da ikisinin birlikteliği olup ayrıca deprivasyona bağlı olarak da ambliyopi oluşabilmektedir. Tedavi yöntemlerinden refraktif düzeltme, kapama tedavisi ve penelizayon en sık kullanılan yöntemler olup ayrıca son zamanlarda nörovizyon tedavisi, medikal tedavi, refraktif cerrahi, akapunktur, makülaya düşük doz lazer ve mavi-kırmızı ışıkla uyarı gibi yöntemler de denenmiştir. Ambliyopi tedavisinde başarıyı etkileyen en önemli faktörler olgunun yaşı ve tedavi başlangıcındaki görme keskinliğidir. Olgunun yaşı ne kadar küçük ise daha kısa sürede daha iyi sonuçlara ulaşılmaktadır. Tanı esnasında görme keskinliği ne kadar düşükse tedaviyle alınan yanıt da azalmaktadır. Abstract: Amblyopia is the reduction of visual acuity in one or both eyes, without the presence of an organic ocular pathology. Amblyopia is the most common reason for a unilateral vision loss in young adults and children. The prevelance in the population varies between %1-5. While the first 4 years of life are the most crucial years, with the right treatment vision can be increased up until 6-7 years of age. Vision loss caused by amblyopia is reversible with the adequate treatment in the right time frame, if it is detected later on in life or left untreated, it can be permanent. Most common causes of amblyopia are; anisometropia, strabismus or simultaneous presence of both. Deprivation can also cause amblyopia. Primary treatment options are; correction of refractive errors, occlusion therapy and penalization. In recent years neurovision therapies, medical treatment, refractive surgeries, acupuncture and macular stimulation with low dose laser or blue-red light therapies have been tried. The most important factor affecting the outcome of the treatment is the patients age and the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) at diagnosis. Better results are achieved in younger age groups. Patients with lower BCVAs at time of diagnosis usually have a poorer outcome.

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Special considerations for prescription of glasses in children

Cited by 13 publications

References 0 publications

Prevalence of uncorrected refractive errors among children aged 3-10 years in western Saudi Arabia

Prevalence of uncorrected refractive errors among children aged 3-10 years in western Saudi Arabia

Spectacle prescription in children: Understanding practical approach of Indian ophthalmologists

Ambliyopide Son Durum

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