Speciation and quantification of organotin compounds in sediment and drinking water by isotope dilution liquid chromatography-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry

Abstract

A rapid method was developed for the determination of monobutyltin, dibutyltin, tributyltin, monophenyltin, diphenyltin, and triphenyltin by liquid chromatography-isotope dilution-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry in sediments and drinking water. All six species were eluted in less than 6.5 minutes with a binary gradient. Offline solid phase extraction was used to pre-concentrate the organotin compounds for quantification employing two calibration procedures; external standard calibration and isotopic dilution. The external standard calibration approach yielded detection limits in the range of 1.5 to 25.6 ng L À1 . The method was linear over four orders of magnitude with regression coefficients greater than 0.99 and a peak area repeatability less than 4.5% RSD (n ¼ 7) for all compounds. The isotopic dilution method was three times more sensitive with detection limits in the range of 0.5-1.2 ng L À1 . Recoveries for the external calibration method were from 33-68% with % RSDs of 5.7-12.7%. The isotopic dilution method had recoveries of 70-114% with % RSDs of 1.2-2.9%. The methods were applied to sediments sampled from the Cooks River in Sydney. The isotopic dilution method provided a viable alternative to the more common analysis by gas chromatography-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry for contaminated sediment without the requirement of sample derivatisation.

Atomic Spectrometry Update: review of advances in elemental speciation

“…208 All six species were eluted in less than 6.5 min with a binary gradient. Although the determination of OTCs in sea water and seafood products continues to be reported, most studies use well established techniques such as HPLC-ICP-MS. Other workers employ techniques which are strictly outside the scope of this review, although some may be of interest to those working in this area.…”

“…One example is the The speciation and quantication of the same OTCs (MBT, DBT, TBT, MPhT, DPhT and TPhT) in sediment and drinking water by ID-HPLC-ICP-MS has been reported. 208 All six species were eluted in less than 6.5 min with a binary gradient. Offline SPE was used to pre-concentrate the organotin compounds for quantication employing two calibration procedures; external standard calibration and isotopic dilution.…”

Simultaneous determination of three organotin pesticides in fruits and vegetables by high‐performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry

“…As an alternative, liquid chromatography (LC) methods provide simple and rapid techniques for analysis of OTCs in diverse forms of environmental samples. The use of LC in conjunction with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry detection (ICP‐MS) and fluorescence detection has been reported. Because ICP‐MS is only an element‐specific detector, it cannot provide the information required to characterize or confirm specific OTC species, although good sensitivity is obtained.…”

Direct determination of cadmium in geological samples by slurry sampling electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry

“…One method is inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), which has high sensitivity, low detection limits, and is capable of simultaneous multi-element analysis. [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] However, isobaric and/or polyatomic interferences derived from the presence of high concentrations of matrix elements are signicant limitations of this technology. 20 All isotopes of Cd are subject to interferences from various isobaric ions and/or oxide or hydroxide ions of Pd, Sn, In, Zr, Mo, Ru, Nb, and Y.…”