Speciation and the evolution of dispersal along environmental gradients

Heinz, Simone K.; Mazzucco, Rupert; Dieckmann, Ulf

doi:10.1007/s10682-008-9251-7

Cited by 42 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 95 publications

(115 reference statements)

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“…As described in more detail in the Results section, this can lead to the delayed evolution of complete isolation, with an extended "prespeciation" phase during which all haplotypes are still present in the population. Similar threshold phenomena have also been described in other models of speciation (e.g., Bolnick, 2006;Heinz et al, 2009), although it is not clear whether the underlying mechanism is the same in each case. In our model, the long stagnation phase can be explained by the fact that the population passes close to a saddle point.…”

Section: Genetic Architecture Of the Ecological Traitsupporting

confidence: 54%

Effects of genetic architecture on the evolution of assortative mating under frequency-dependent disruptive selection

Rettelbach

Hermisson

Dieckmann

et al. 2011

Theoretical Population Biology

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We consider a model of sympatric speciation due to frequency-dependent competition, in which it was previously assumed that the evolving traits have a very simple genetic architecture. In the present study, we use numerical simulations to test the consequences of relaxing this assumption. First, previous models assumed that assortative mating evolves in infinitesimal steps. Here, we show that the range of parameters for which speciation is possible increases when mutational steps are large. Second, it was assumed that the trait under frequency-dependent selection is determined by a single locus with two alleles and additive effects. As a consequence, the resultant intermediate phenotype is always heterozygous and can never breed true. To relax this assumption, we now add a second locus influencing the trait. We find three new possible evolutionary outcomes: evolution of three reproductively isolated species, a monomorphic equilibrium with only the intermediate phenotype, and a randomly mating population with a steep unimodal distribution of phenotypes. Both extensions of the original model thus increase the likelihood of competitive speciation.

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Section: Genetic Architecture Of the Ecological Traitsupporting

confidence: 54%

Effects of genetic architecture on the evolution of assortative mating under frequency-dependent disruptive selection

Rettelbach

Hermisson

Dieckmann

et al. 2011

Theoretical Population Biology

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“…Note, however, that in that model not all patches are ecologically equal, as the resource distribution is different among patches. Evolutionary branching under high environmental heterogeneity and low emigration has been observed also by Heinz et al (2009) and Payne et al (2011). Spatial structure might thus promote evolutionary branching in Wright's island model with ecologically different patches.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

The effect of fecundity derivatives on the condition of evolutionary branching in spatial models

Parvinen

Ohtsuki

Wakano

2017

Journal of Theoretical Biology

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By investigating metapopulation fitness, we present analytical expressions for the selection gradient and conditions for convergence stability and evolutionary stability in Wright's island model in terms of fecundity function. Coefficients of each derivative of fecundity function appearing in these conditions have fixed signs. This illustrates which kind of interaction promotes or inhibits evolutionary branching in spatial models. We observe that Taylor's cancellation result holds for any fecundity function: Not only singular strategies but also their convergence stability is identical to that in the corresponding well-mixed model. We show that evolutionary branching never occurs 1 when the dispersal rate is close to zero. Furthermore, for a wide class of fecundity functions (including those determined by any pairwise game), evolutionary branching is impossible for any dispersal rate if branching does not occur in the corresponding well-mixed model. Spatial structure thus often inhibits evolutionary branching, although we can construct a fecundity function for which evolutionary branching only occurs for intermediate dispersal rates.

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“…The first mechanism is driven by competition (Rosenzweig, 1978). Many models of competitive speciation assume a sympatric setting (e.g., Dieckmann & Doebeli, 1999;Doebeli & Dieckmann, 2005;Doebeli et al, 2007;Ito & Dieckmann, 2007;Pennings et al, 2008;Otto et al, 2008;Ripa, 2009;Rettelbach et al, 2011), but there are also parapatric models (e.g., Meszéna et al, 1997;Day, 2001;Doebeli & Dieckmann, 2003;Heinz et al, 2009;Payne et al, 2011;Fazalova & Dieckmann, 2012). Speciation can occur in these models if frequency-dependent competition induces disruptive selection, such that extreme phenotypes have an advantage over intermediates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three Modes of Adaptive Speciation in Spatially Structured Populations

Rettelbach

Kopp

Dieckmann

et al. 2013

The American Naturalist

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Adaptive speciation with gene flow via the evolution of assortative mating has classically been studied in one of two different scenarios. First, speciation can occur if frequency-dependent competition in sympatry induces disruptive selection, leading to indirect selection for mating with similar phenotypes. Second, if a subpopulation is locally adapted to a specific environment, there is indirect selection against hybridizing with maladapted immigrants. While both of these mechanisms have been modeled many times, the literature lacks models that allow direct comparisons between them. Here, we incorporate both frequency-dependent competition and local adaptation into a single model, and investigate whether and how they interact in driving speciation. We report two main results. First, we show that, individually, the two mechanisms operate under separate conditions, hardly influencing each other when one of them alone is sufficient to drive speciation. Second, we also find that the two mechanisms can operate together, leading to a third speciation mode, in which speciation is initiated by selection against maladapted migrants, but completed by within-deme competition in a distinct second phase. While this third mode bears some similarity to classical reinforcement, it happens considerably faster, and both newly formed species go on to coexist in sympatry.

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Speciation and the evolution of dispersal along environmental gradients

Abstract: 9We analyze the joint evolution of an ecological character and of dispersal distance in asex-

Cited by 42 publications

References 95 publications

Effects of genetic architecture on the evolution of assortative mating under frequency-dependent disruptive selection

Effects of genetic architecture on the evolution of assortative mating under frequency-dependent disruptive selection

The effect of fecundity derivatives on the condition of evolutionary branching in spatial models

Three Modes of Adaptive Speciation in Spatially Structured Populations

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