Speciation and toxicity of aluminium in a model fresh water

Helliweli, Stuart; Batley, Graeme E.; Florence, T.M.; Lumsden, B.C.

doi:10.1080/09593338309384184

Cited by 66 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Under these conditions, toxicity owing to the Al polymer was approximately additive to that of monomeric Al species (Parent and Campbell, 1994). In contrast, both Helliwell et al (1983) and Gensemer (1991b) rejected the contribution of polymeric Al to toxicity, but neither study empirically manipulated polymeric species.…”

Section: Polymeric Almentioning

confidence: 97%

“…This plot suggests a curvilinear relationship whereby toxicity is maximal at pH 6 with monotonic decreases in toxicity as pH approaches both 4 and 7. This could reflect, as pointed out in Helliwell et al (1983), that Al(OH) 2 + is the most toxic Al species because it is most abundant at this pH relative to other simple dissolved Al hydroxides (Figure 1). However, the situation is not likely to be this simple, as pointed out in the discussions of free ion and polymeric Al hydroxides as predictors of toxicity in Section III.E.1.…”

Section: B Ph-dependent Toxicity With Respect To Dissolved Monomeric Almentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Unlike Helliwell et al (1983), Gensemer's (1991 results did not support the hypothesis that an Al hydroxide was the best predictor of toxicity because monomeric Al (largely consisting of dissolved hydroxides at these pHs; Figure 1) concentrations were highest at pH 5, even though toxicity was lowest at this pH. Additional benefits to using speciation modeling is that it allows one to test whether indirect chemical interactions between Al and other potentially toxic (or limiting) trace elements could be confounding results presumed to occur because of Al ions alone (Rueter et al, 1987;Gensemer, 1991b;Riseng et al, 1991).…”

Section: Free Al 3+ Ion Vs Dissolved Monomeric Al Hydroxidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, the discussion that follows begins with studies of pHdependent Al toxicity. One of the first studies to use speciation methods and thus propose a most toxic (or most predictive) Al species was the study by Helliwell et al (1983) in their frequently cited experiments using Chlorella pyrenoidosa. They observed that algal EC50s were lowest (i.e., toxicity was greatest) at pH 6, with toxicities decreasing both at pH values lower and higher than 6.…”

Section: Free Al 3+ Ion Vs Dissolved Monomeric Al Hydroxidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Only three studies currently exist whereby toxicity (presented as either EC50: Helliwell et al, 1983;Gensemer, 1991b;or EC30 estimates: Parent and Campbell, 1994) can be compared directly using inorganic monomeric Al. In these studies, a remarkably consistent trend between pH and toxicity was observed, even though two different taxa and three different exposure media were used ( Figure 5).…”

Section: B Ph-dependent Toxicity With Respect To Dissolved Monomeric Almentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Bioavailability and Toxicity of Aluminum in Aquatic Environments

Gensemer

Playle

1999

Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology

642

444

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ABSTRACT:In this article we review the biological effects of Al, primarily with respect to the chemical factors controlling Al bioavailability and toxicity, and how its biological effects are best predicted. Our intent is not to duplicate recent reviews on Al chemistry or toxicity, but rather to update the literature since these reviews were published, and to focus on Al speciation and other external chemical influences on Al bioavailability to freshwater biota. Briefly, we first review Al chemistry, with a specific focus on understanding, as well as measuring, Al chemical species of importance to aquatic biota. Next we more comprehensively review Al toxicity and bioavailability to freshwater algae, with a thorough analysis of the relationships between speciation and toxicity, the role of important chemical complexing agents such as P, Si, and organic carbon, as well as the potential for Al to impact algal community structure. A third section reviews the more sparse literature on aquatic higher plants; the fourth section reviews a somewhat more abundant literature of Al toxicity to freshwater invertebrates. We close with an updated review of Al toxicity to fish, again with a focus on mechanisms of toxicity, and the role of Al speciation in controlling bioavailability.

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Section: Polymeric Almentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: B Ph-dependent Toxicity With Respect To Dissolved Monomeric Almentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Free Al 3+ Ion Vs Dissolved Monomeric Al Hydroxidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Free Al 3+ Ion Vs Dissolved Monomeric Al Hydroxidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: B Ph-dependent Toxicity With Respect To Dissolved Monomeric Almentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Bioavailability and Toxicity of Aluminum in Aquatic Environments

Gensemer

Playle

1999

Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology

642

444

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Dissolved organic carbon reduces the toxicity of aluminum to three tropical freshwater organisms

Trenfield¹,

Markich²,

Ng³

et al. 2012

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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The influence of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) on the toxicity of aluminum (Al) at pH 5 (relevant to acid mine drainage conditions), to the tropical green hydra (Hydra viridissima), green alga (Chlorella sp.), and cladoceran (Moinodaphnia macleayi) was assessed. Two DOC sources, a natural in situ DOC in soft billabong water (SBW) and Suwannee River fulvic acid (SRFA) standard, were compared. The order of sensitivity of the test organisms to dissolved Al (0.1 µm fraction) was Hydra viridissima > Moinodaphnia macleayi > Chlorella sp. with DOC reducing dissolved Al toxicity most for Hydra viridissima. However, colloidal or precipitated Al may contribute indirectly to the toxicity for M. macleayi and Chlorella sp. The toxicity of dissolved Al was up to six times lower in test waters containing 10 mg L(-1) DOC (in the form of SRFA), relative to toxicity observed at 1 mg L(-1) DOC. In contrast, the toxicity of Al was up to two times lower in SBW containing 10 mg L(-1) DOC, relative to water containing 1 mg L(-1) DOC. The increased ability of SRFA in reducing Al toxicity was linked to its greater affinity for complexing Al compared with the in situ DOC. This has important implications for studies that use commercial standards of humic substances to predict Al toxicity in local environments. Speciation modeling demonstrated that Al(3+) and AlOH(2+) provided a strong relationship with toxicity. An empirical relationship is provided for each organism that can be used to predict Al toxicity at a given Al and DOC concentration.

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Lanthanum and Cerium Toxicity to the Freshwater Green Alga Chlorella fusca: Applicability of the Biotic Ligand Model

Aharchaou

Beaubien

Campbell

et al. 2020

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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The environmental risk assessment of rare earth elements (REEs) requires data on their potential toxicity. In the present study, the toxicity of lanthanum (La) and cerium (Ce) was studied in relation to metal speciation in solution. For both La and Ce, the use of organic ligands demonstrated that the calculated free ion concentration was a good indicator of toxicity. Whether in the absence or presence of organic ligands, when based on free ion concentrations, the obtained half‐maximal effective concentrations were similar. When all generated data were pooled, Ce and La showed identical toxicity thresholds after 120 h of exposure with free ion concentration–based median effective concentration values (95% confidence intervals) of 0.48 (0.38–0.60) µM and 0.47 (0.36–0.61) µM for La3+ and Ce3+, respectively. The inhibition of algal growth was also correlated with the intracellular lanthanide concentrations, regardless of the ligand used. Finally, increasing the ambient calcium concentration protected the test algae by reducing the amount of lanthanide internalized into the cells. These results suggest that, at constant pH (5.5), REE accumulation and toxicity are linked to the free ion concentration and ambient calcium concentration, as predicted by the biotic ligand model. Environ Toxicol Chem 2020;39:996–1005. © 2020 SETAC

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Speciation and toxicity of aluminium in a model fresh water

Cited by 66 publications

References 9 publications

The Bioavailability and Toxicity of Aluminum in Aquatic Environments

The Bioavailability and Toxicity of Aluminum in Aquatic Environments

Dissolved organic carbon reduces the toxicity of aluminum to three tropical freshwater organisms

Lanthanum and Cerium Toxicity to the Freshwater Green Alga Chlorella fusca: Applicability of the Biotic Ligand Model

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