Speciation of mercury with cold vapor atomic absorption spectrometry by selective reduction

Oda, C. E.; Ingle, J. D.

doi:10.1021/ac00237a040

Cited by 94 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The analysis takes ca 5 min. The method described below was modified from Oda & Ingle (1981) and Riisgdrd & Famme (1988).…”

Section: Mercury In Fecesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomagnification of mercury in a marine grazing food-chain: algal cells Phaeodactylum tricornutum, mussels Mytilus edulis and flounders Platichthys flesus studied by means of a stepwise-reduction-CVAA method

Riisgård¹,

Hansen²

1990

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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A stepwise-reduction-cold vapor atomic absorption spectrometry (CVAA) method has been further developed. The method is relatively simple and quick and allows measurements of both inorganic and organic mercury in the same small biological sample. It provides an effective technique for studying biomagnification of mercury in a marine grazing food-chain (algae/mussels/fish). In laboratory experiments with mussels exposed to both inorganic mercury (965 ng I-') and organic mercury (methylmercury) (35 ng I-'), and fed algal cells at a natural low concentration from a chemostat for 80 d, uptake of both mercury species was linear. Organic mercury was taken u p 15 times more readily than inorganic mercury. Flounders force-fed with food contaminated with equal concentrations of organic and inorganic mercury for 46 d readily accumulated organic mercury in blood cells, liver, kidney and muscle-tissue while inorganic mercury was only accumulated in measurable amounts in Liver and kidney. During an elimination experiment (48 d) with both force-fed and starved flounders (loaded with mercury), organic mercury concentration did not decrease in the muscle-tissue, but significantly decreased in the liver, kidney and blood cells, while inorganic mercury tended to increase in the liver. Thus organic mercury may be biotransformed to inorganic mercury in the liver. Relatively low concentrations of organic mercury in the gall bladder indicate that enterohepatic recirculation may not play a similar role in fish as reported for mammals. Higher mercury concentrations in the proximal part of the intestine compared to the distal part show, however, that some mercury may be secreted via the bile and reabsorbed, but no differences between fed and starved fish were found Though only about 1 % of the total mercury in chronically polluted waters may be in the organic form, an enhanced uptake rate of organic mercury in mussels leads to differential partitioning of the 2 mercury forms. Since fish such as flounder may primarily feed on juvenile bivalves about 75 % of the total mercury ingested by fish may be in the inorganic form. The efficient accumulation of organic mercury and the lack of elimination results in an increasing organic mercury concentration with both age and trophic level (i.e. biomagnification) in the marine grazing food-chain.

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“…The analysis takes ca 5 min. The method described below was modified from Oda & Ingle (1981) and Riisgdrd & Famme (1988).…”

Section: Mercury In Fecesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomagnification of mercury in a marine grazing food-chain: algal cells Phaeodactylum tricornutum, mussels Mytilus edulis and flounders Platichthys flesus studied by means of a stepwise-reduction-CVAA method

Riisgård¹,

Hansen²

1990

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…54,[59][60][61] Since the sample oxidation with bromine monochloride solution (BrCl) is sufficient to cleave C-Hg covalent bonds of the very stable organic-Hg complexes and liberate Hg +2 for reduction as part of the sparging step. 51,54,[59][60][61][62][63] Particulate Hg fraction was determined after the filtration of the non-acidified sub-samples through a glass micro fiber filter (0.70 µm, Whatman GF/F) pretreated by heating at 450 °C for 12 h, directly after sampling. The filters were analyzed by oxidation with a 50% (v/v) aqua-regia solution (4H 2 O:3HCl:1HNO 3 ), at 70 to 80 °C for 1 h followed by a reduction with the same SnCl 2 solution used for reducing the reactive Hg fraction.…”

Section: Mercury Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…51,54,[59][60][61][62][63] This fraction was always higher during the ebb tide (1.7 ± 0.8 ng L -1 , n = 40 and 3.5 ± 0.9 ng L -1 , n = 21 in dry and wet season respectively) than during the flood tide (0.7 ± 0.5 ng L -1 , n = 24 and 2.4 ± 0.8 ng L -1 , n = 23 in dry and wet season respectively) (Figure 3c). The average non-reactive Hg fraction during the dry season (1.3 ± 0.9 ng L -1 , n = 64) was lower than during the wet season (3.0 ± 1.0 ng L -1 , n = 44).…”

Section: Mercury Speciationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mercury speciation changes in waters of the sepetiba Bay, SE Brazil during tidal events and different seasons

Paraquetti¹,

Lacerda²,

Almeida³

et al. 2007

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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Este estudo descreve as mudanças na especiação de Hg nas águas da Baía de Sepetiba, SE, Brasil, ao longo do gradiente estuarino, durante eventos de maré em diferentes estações. A avaliação química das águas da baía indicou uma exportação de material particulado em suspensão (MPS) pobre em carbono orgânico para a plataforma continental adjacente, principalmente durante a estação chuvosa e uma importação de MPS oceânico rico em carbono orgânico, provavelmente de origem fitoplanctônica, durante a estação seca. A especiação química do Hg demonstrou que a produção de Hg 0 na Baía de Sepetiba pode ser controlada pela produtividade primária, e que a baía atua como produtora e exportadora de formas orgânicas de Hg para as áreas adjacentes, já que as maiores concentrações de Hg não-reativo foram encontradas durante a maré vazante. Não foram observadas correlações significantes entre as concentrações de Hg não-reativo e carbono orgânico dissolvido ou particulado. Em geral, as frações de Hg particulado, Hg não-reativo e Hg reativo representam 55%, 35% e 9,5% do conteúdo total de Hg nas águas da Baía de Sepetiba, respectivamente.This work describes changes in Hg speciation in water along the transport from Sepetiba Bay, SE Brazil, to the adjacent continental platform during tide events and in different seasons. The chemical evaluation of Sepetiba Bay waters showed that the bay exports suspended particulate material (SPM) impoverish in organic carbon to adjacent continental platform areas, mainly during the wet season and imports SPM enriched in organic carbon from the ocean, probably of phytoplanktonic origin, during the dry season. The chemical speciation of Hg during the study period showed that Hg 0 production can be controlled by primary productivity and that the bay acts as a producer and exporter of organic species of Hg to adjacent areas, since the highest non-reactive Hg concentrations were observed during the ebb tide. No significant correlations were found between non-reactive Hg and dissolved or particulate organic matter concentrations. In general the particulate Hg, non-reactive Hg and reactive Hg fractions represents 55%, 35.5% and 9.5% of the total Hg content in Sepetiba Bay waters, respectively.Keywords: mercury speciation, coastal area, organic carbon, Sepetiba Bay IntroductionCoastal environments are complex and very dynamic systems showing a strong salinity gradient, high variation of suspended matter concentration and complex hydrodynamic processes. They act as links between the terrestrial and oceanic environments, present a large capacity to accumulate materials of continental and marine origin and are strongly affected by tidal events and continental hydrology. These environments are also characterized by land-sea gradients of physicochemical processes such as oxidation/reduction, sorption/desorption and precipitation/dissolution, which result in gradients of dissolved chemical species concentration, ionic force, pH and redox potential, which are responsible for the precipitation of the major part of ...

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“…Mercury solutions, in water, and in urine, are notoriously unstable (cf. l2,2O,3O,3l,34,49,57,63,68,°0,9l, 92,95,98,113,132,154,156,158). The mechanisms of such losses seem to be manifold: evaporation, adsorption on container walls, and precipitation (see above).…”

Section: Contaminationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Collection, processing and storage of specimens for biological monitoring of occupational exposure to toxic chemicals

Aitio¹,

Järvisalo²

1984

Pure and Applied Chemistry

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Speciation of mercury with cold vapor atomic absorption spectrometry by selective reduction

Cited by 94 publications

References 26 publications

Biomagnification of mercury in a marine grazing food-chain: algal cells Phaeodactylum tricornutum, mussels Mytilus edulis and flounders Platichthys flesus studied by means of a stepwise-reduction-CVAA method

Biomagnification of mercury in a marine grazing food-chain: algal cells Phaeodactylum tricornutum, mussels Mytilus edulis and flounders Platichthys flesus studied by means of a stepwise-reduction-CVAA method

Mercury speciation changes in waters of the sepetiba Bay, SE Brazil during tidal events and different seasons

Collection, processing and storage of specimens for biological monitoring of occupational exposure to toxic chemicals

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