Speciation of Nutrients in Hydrochar Produced from Hydrothermal Carbonization of Poultry Litter under Different Treatment Conditions

Ghanim, Bashir; Kwapiński, Witold

doi:10.1021/acssuschemeng.7b04768

Cited by 69 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…This result suggests that the SP was more sensitive to reaction temperature compared to EP. In general, the reduction of SP and EP might be caused by the formation of non-apatite P and apatite P. This inference has been verified in prior studies [ 24 , 49 , 50 ].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 72%

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Speciation of Main Nutrients (N/P/K) in Hydrochars Produced from the Hydrothermal Carbonization of Swine Manure under Different Reaction Temperatures

et al. 2021

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Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) has been proved to be a promising technology for swine manure (SM) treatment. Currently, there is a lack of systematic understanding of the transformation characteristics of nutrient speciation in the HTC of SM. In this study, the speciation of the main nutrients (N/P/K) in SM-derived hydrochar produced at different reaction temperatures (200–280 °C) was investigated. The recovery of P (61.0–67.1%) in hydrochars was significantly higher than that of N (23.0–39.8%) and K (25.5–30.0%), and the increase in reaction temperature promoted the recovery of P and reduced the recovery of N. After the HTC treatment, the percentage of soluble/available P was reduced from 61.6% in raw SM to 4.0–23.9% in hydrochars, while that of moderately labile/slow-release P was improved from 29.2% in raw SM feedstock to 65.5–82.7%. An obvious reduction was also found in the amounts of available N (from 51.3% in raw SM feedstock to 33.0–40.5% in hydrochars). The percentages of slow-release N and residual N in hydrochars produced at 240 °C reached the maximum and minimum values (46.4% and 18.9%), respectively. A total of 49.5–58.3% of K retained in hydrochars was residual (invalid) potassium. From the perspective of the mobility and availability of N, P and K only, it was suggested that the HTC of SM should be carried out at 220–240 °C. Compared with the original SM, it is safer and more effective to use the SM-derived hydrochar as an organic fertilizer.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 72%

“…In general, the surface pores of hydrochars would increase with the rise of reaction temperature. On the one hand, with the increase in reaction temperature, the hydrochar matrix had strong adsorption to K, also promoting the formation of a more stable K [ 49 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Speciation of Main Nutrients (N/P/K) in Hydrochars Produced from the Hydrothermal Carbonization of Swine Manure under Different Reaction Temperatures

et al. 2021

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“…Upon the addition of an alkaline BC to soil, the contribution of these cations and their subsequent exchange with Al 3+ and H + on the negative charge sites in the soil result in an increase in soil pH (Hailegnaw et al 2019). This liming effect can be inferred for HC as well, since numerous studies have found HC from various feedstocks to contain appreciable quantities of these (and other) macronutrients, depending on the HTC process conditions (Dieguez-Alonso et al 2018;Ghanim et al 2018;Puccini et al 2018;Reza et al 2013).…”

Section: Soil Phmentioning

confidence: 95%

An investigation of the effects of hydrochar application rate on soil amelioration and plant growth in three diverse soils

Jager

Giani

2021

Biochar

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The hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of biogas digestate alters the raw materials inherent characteristics to produce a carbon (C)-rich hydrochar (HC), with an improved suitability for soil amelioration. Numerous studies report conflicting impacts of various HC application rates on soil properties and plant growth. In this study, the influence of HC application rate on soil improvement and plant growth aspects was investigated in three diverse soils (Chernozem, Podzol, and Gleysol). Pot trials were conducted in which all soils were amended with 5, 10, 20 and 30% (w/w) HC in quintuplicate, with two controls of pure soil (with and without plants, respectively) also included. Prior to potting, soil samples were collected from all HC-amended soils and controls and analyzed for soil pH, plant available nutrients (PO4-P and K), and microbial activity using standard laboratory and statistical methods. Immediately after potting, a 6-week seed germination experiment using Chinese cabbage was conducted to determine germination success, followed by a plant growth experiment of equal duration and plant species to determine biomass success. At the end of the study (after a total plant growth period of 12 weeks), each pot was sampled and comparatively analyzed for the same soil properties as at the beginning of the study. Soil pH shifted toward the pH of the HC (6.6) in all soils over the course of the study, but was most expressed in the 20% and 30% application rates, confirming the well-documented liming effect of HC. The addition of HC increased the PO4-P and K contents, particularly with 20% and 30% HC amendments. These results are proposedly due to the large labile C fraction of the HC, which is easily degradable by microorganisms. The rapid decomposition of this C fraction prompted the quick release of the HCs inherently high PO4-P and K content into the soil, and in turn, further stimulated microbial activity, until this fraction was essentially depleted. HC addition did not inhibit seed germination at any rate, presumably due to a lack of phytotoxic compounds in the HC from aging and microbial processes, and furthermore, showed no significant impact (positive or negative) on plant growth in any soil, despite improved soil conditions. In conclusion, although less pronounced, soil improvements were still achievable and maintainable at lower application rates (5% and 10%), whereas higher rates did not ensure greater benefits for plant growth. While the addition of high rates of HC did not detrimentally effect soil quality or plant growth, it could lead to leaching if the nutrient supply exceeds plant requirements and the soil’s nutrient retention capacity. Therefore, this study validates the previous study in the effectiveness of the biogas digestate HC for soil amelioration and suggests that smaller regularly repeated HC applications may be recommendable for soil improvement.

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“…The mixture was then centrifuged at 4000 tours/min for 15 min and filtered using 0.45 µm filters as described by (Ghanim et al 2018) and their concentration was calculated as the average of three determination.…”

Section: 2feedstock and Products Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable Valorization of Olive Pomace Waste to Renewable Biofuels, Biomaterials and Biochemicals Via Pyrolysis Process: Experimental and Numerical Investigation

Aissaoui

Trabelsi²,

Bensidhom³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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This work demonstrates, experimentally and numerically, the potential of Olive Pomace Waste (OPW) to produce renewable biofuels (pyrolytic oil and gas), bio-chemicals (tars as source of bioactive molecules) and bio-fertilizers (chars) through slow pyrolysis. Experimental pyrolysis runs were conducted at 500, 600 and 700°C as final pyrolysis temperature, 15, 20 and 25°C/min as heating rate and 1h as residence time, in a fixed bed pyrolyzer. In the optimum pyrolysis conditions (600°C and 15°C/min), 33 wt.% of oil, 30.00 wt.% of char and 37 wt.% of gas were produced. Recovered pyrolytic oil presents good energy value (HHV between 15.96 and 20.94 MJ/kg) with a great bioactive potential. The released permanent gases show an interesting energy content (LHV up to 11 MJ/Kg) which emphasizes their application in a gas engine to provide renewable electricity in rural olive groves area. The recovered OPW biochar presents a high carbon (C 72.54 wt.%) and nutrients contents (up to 8.42 mg/g of Ca, up to 8.69 mg/g of K and up to 2.02 % of total N) which make it suitable for soil amendment and for long-term carbon sequestration. Kinetic study of OPW pyrolysis, performed using the Distributed Activation Energy Model (DAEM), gives an activation energy values ranging from 121.6 to 151.6 kJ/mol. The investigation of the OPW thermal behavior and reactivity under pyrolysis conditions is useful approach to design and operate slow pyrolysis process at commercial scale, which could be useful by farmers for OPW in olive fields.

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Speciation of Nutrients in Hydrochar Produced from Hydrothermal Carbonization of Poultry Litter under Different Treatment Conditions

Cited by 69 publications

References 41 publications

Speciation of Main Nutrients (N/P/K) in Hydrochars Produced from the Hydrothermal Carbonization of Swine Manure under Different Reaction Temperatures

Speciation of Main Nutrients (N/P/K) in Hydrochars Produced from the Hydrothermal Carbonization of Swine Manure under Different Reaction Temperatures

An investigation of the effects of hydrochar application rate on soil amelioration and plant growth in three diverse soils

Sustainable Valorization of Olive Pomace Waste to Renewable Biofuels, Biomaterials and Biochemicals Via Pyrolysis Process: Experimental and Numerical Investigation

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