Speciation of Organometallic Compounds in Environmetal Samples by Gas Chromatography after Flow Preconcentration on Fullerenes and Nanotubes

Abstract

The development of a simple speciation method for the determination of lead (trimethyllead(I), dimethyllead(II), triethyllead(I), and diethyllead(II)), mercury (methylmercury(I), ethylmercury(I), mercury(II)), and tin (n-butyltin(III), di-n-butyltin(II), tri-n-butyltin(I), tin(IV)) compounds in environmental samples was described. The potential of C70 fullerenes and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) as sorbents was investigated for the first time; this study revealed that there are no significant differences between them in terms of sensitivity, selectivity, precision, and reusability. Comparative studies showed that MWNTs and C60 and C70 fullerenes were superior to graphitized carbon black and RP-C18 for the extraction of the 11 compounds studied. The accuracy of the MWNT method was evaluated from recovery values with two standard reference coastal sediments, and good concordance in the results were obtained. Detection limits of 0.5-2 pg/mL were obtained when using a sorbent column containing 160 mg of MWNTs (sample breakthrough, 50 mL of water). The method was successfully applied to the determination of lead, mercury, and tin compounds in water and coastal sediment samples with satisfactory results.

Coupling of multi-walled carbon nanotubes/polydimethylsiloxane coated stir bar sorptive extraction with pulse glow discharge-ion mobility spectrometry for analysis of triazine herbicides in water and soil samples

“…Based on unique physical and chemical properties, MWCNTs have been used as adsorbents in SPE, SPME or SBSE for either non-polar or polar compounds [14][15][16]. MWCNTs have been successfully applied as the SPME or SBSE coatings for the determination of organic pollutants in environmental samples including pesticides [15,17], polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) [18,19], drugs [20], phenols [11,21] and organometallic compounds [22].…”

Determination of ultra-trace amounts of cadmium by ET-AAS after column preconcentration with a new sorbent of modified MWCNTs

“…The surface, made up of hexagonal arrays of carbon atoms in graphene sheets, interacts strongly with the benzene ring of aromatic compounds, which make CNTs a promising adsorbent material that may be substituted for activated carbon in many ways. The application of MWCNTs for the preconcentration of heavy metal ions, rare earth elements, and organometallic compounds has been reported in the literature (Munoz et al 2005;Tarley et al 2006;Barbosa et al 2007;El-Sheikh et al 2007).…”

Preparation, Characterization, and Application of L‐Cysteine Functionalized Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes as a Selective Sorbent for Separation and Preconcentration of Heavy Metals

“…[10] Multiwalled CNTs (MWCNTs) are extensively used as sorbents in packed minicolumns for solid-phase extraction separation and preconcentration of a wide variety of analytes, such as bisphenols, 4-nonylphenol and 4-tert-octylphenol, [11] dioxins, [12] chlorobenzenes, [13] phthalate esters, [14] atrazine and simazine, [15] benzodiazepines, [16] metal ions, [17][18][19][20][21][22] and organometals. [23] A literature survey reveals that in all previous reports on the solid-phase extraction application of MWCNTs both untreated-and oxidized-MWCNTs are exclusively employed as sorbents. However, the selectivity of untreated-or oxidized-MCWNTs for solid-phase extraction is quite limited, especially for metal ions.…”