Speciation of Phosphorus in a Fertilized, Reduced‐Till Soil System: In‐Field Treatment Incubation Study

Khatiwada, Raju; Hettiarachchi, Ganga M.; Mengel, D. B.; Fei, Mingwei

doi:10.2136/sssaj2011.0299

Cited by 28 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…As part of the 4R Nutrient Management Strategy, the subsurface placement of nutrients is encouraged, particularly for farmers in no‐till systems (Johnston and Bruulsema, 2014), given the potential for increased leaching of P into tile drains in no‐till systems (Kleinman et al, 2015). In this experiment, it was hypothesized that the subsurface placement of fertilizer would reduce nutrient loss because this has been observed at the field (Khatiwada et al, 2012) and plot scale (Williams et al, 2018). However, the mechanisms that cause reduced nutrient loss with subsurface placement are not well understood, and it is not clear how subsurface placement performs in frozen soil.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrient Leaching in Soil Affected by Fertilizer Application and Frozen Ground

Grant

Macrae

Rezanezhad

et al. 2019

Vadose Zone Journal

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Core Ideas Preferential flow is prevalent in clay soil under both frozen and thawed conditions. Preferential flow dominates the infiltration regime under frozen soil conditions in silt loam. Subsurface placement of fertilizer can limit subsurface nutrient leaching. Subsurface placement is particularly effective in soil with abundant preferential flow. Subsurface placement is recommended for fall fertilizer application. Agricultural runoff containing P and N from drainage tiles contributes to nutrient loading in waterways, leading to downstream eutrophication. Recent studies suggest that nutrient losses through tile drains can be reduced if nutrients are applied in the subsurface. This study explored interactions between nutrient supply and infiltrating water during a simulated nongrowing season using a laboratory experiment to understand how water and nutrients move through partially frozen and unfrozen soil and if fertilizer placement influences NO3− and dissolved reactive P (DRP) leaching. Intact silt loam and clay soil monoliths (28 by 30 by 30 cm) were fertilized with P and N via subsurface placement or surface broadcast and subjected to simulated rainfall under unfrozen (10°C) and partially frozen (∼0°C) conditions. Conservative tracers (Br−, Cl−, and D2O) applied to characterize subsurface flow paths throughout a subset of events indicated that matrix flow dominated in unfrozen silt loam soil. However, preferential flow paths dominated in unfrozen clay and in both soil types under partially frozen conditions, transporting applied nutrients while minimizing contact with the soil matrix. The subsurface placement of inorganic fertilizer relative to surface broadcast reduced both NO3− (by 26.85 kg ha−1 [23%] in silt loam and 65.73 kg ha−1 [61%] in clay) and DRP losses (by 2.33 kg ha−1 [60%] in silt loam and 4.25 kg ha−1 [64%] in clay). This study demonstrates the advantage of subsurface placement of fertilizer in the reduction of nutrient leaching by limiting the interaction of the nutrient supply with preferential flow pathways.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrient Leaching in Soil Affected by Fertilizer Application and Frozen Ground

Grant

Macrae

Rezanezhad

et al. 2019

Vadose Zone Journal

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“…XANES spectroscopy has also been used to investigate the effect of different fertilization techniques on P speciation (e.g. Sato et al, 2005;Lombi et al, 2006;Khatiwada et al, 2012;Khatiwada et al, 2014). These results show that the most likely P species accumulating after fertilization are P sorbed to Al-and Fe (hydr)oxides, and Ca-, Fe-and Al-phosphate compounds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphorus dynamics in Swedish agricultural soils as influenced by fertilization and mineralogical properties: Insights gained from batch experiments and XANES spectroscopy

Eriksson

Hesterberg

Klysubun

et al. 2016

Science of The Total Environment

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The soil chemistry of phosphorus (P) is important for understanding the processes governing plant availability as well as the risk of environmental losses of P. The objective of this research was to investigate both the speciation and the pH-dependent solubility patterns of P in clayey agricultural soils in relation to soil mineralogy and fertilization history. The study focused on soil samples from six fields that were subjected to different P fertilization regimes for periods of 45 to 57years. Soil P speciation was analyzed by P K-edge XANES spectroscopy and chemical fractionation, sorption isotherms were constructed, and dissolved P was measured as a function of pH. The XANES fitting results showed that organic P and P adsorbed to Fe and Al (hydr)oxides were common P constituents in all soils. Calcium phosphates were identified in five of six soil samples. The XANES results also indicated an increase in P adsorbed to Al and to a lesser extent Fe (hydr)oxides as a result of fertilization. Moreover, the fluorescence intensity from the P K-edge XANES analysis was most strongly correlated with HCl-digestible P (r=0.81***). Consistent with the XANES analysis, laboratory sorption isotherm models showed that the Freundlich sorption coefficient (KF) was most closely related to oxalate-extractable Al. Greater proportions of Ca phosphate in two of the heavily fertilized soils in combination with enhanced PO4 solubilization upon sample acidification indicated neoformation of Ca-phosphate precipitates. The results for the unfertilized soil samples generally showed a minimum in dissolved PO4 between pH6.5 and 7.5, with increases particularly at lower pH. This behavior can be explained either by the dissolution of Al-hydroxide-type sorbents or Ca phosphates at lower pH. In fertilized soils, there was no consistent trend in pH-dependent solubilization of P, with a complex relationship to solid-phase speciation. To conclude, inorganic P species changed most dynamically in agricultural clay soils over a period of several decades, and the role of pH in the solubilization of P depended mainly on P fertilization history and the content of reactive Ca phosphates.

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“…W hen P is added to soils in the form of fertilizer, a series of reactions takes place, ranging from diffusion of P from the fertilizer granules into the soil solution, sorption of P into soil particles, and, with time, P precipitation (Hedley and McLaughlin, 2005). In the soil, inorganic P (P i ) will adsorb or precipitate by chemically binding with Al, Fe, or Ca (Lombi et al, 2006;Khatiwada et al, 2012;Eriksson et al, 2015). The solubility of phosphorus in soil is controlled by several factors, including how much P is originally adsorbed in the soil, how much P is precipitated in the soil, the soil pH, clay mineralogy, organic matter content, what types of minerals were formed during P precipitation, and the concentration of Ca, Al, Fe, and other cations in solution (Delgado and Torrent 2000;Violante and Pigna, 2002;Shigaki and Sharpley 2011;Weng et al, 2012;Eriksson et al, 2015;Gérard, 2016).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Distribution of Phosphorus in Soils used during the Development of Sorption Isotherms

Schmitt

Pagliari

Nascimento

2017

Soil Science Soc of Amer J

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This study was developed to provide initial information on the chemical distribution of P into the different soil P pools after a soil sample underwent P sorption using 17 soil samples from the united States (13) and Brazil (4). During the sorption phase, soil samples were equilibrated with solutions containing increasing P concentrations (0-75 mg P l -1 ) following standard procedures. Following the sorption phase, the soil samples were allowed to air dry for 72 h and underwent a chemical fractionation (in water, anionic resin, 0.5M NahCo 3 , 0.1M Naoh, and 1.0M hCl). A wide range of sorption strength ranging from 0.043 to 0.289 l kg -1 and a maximum sorption ranging from 189 to 789 mg kg -1 were observed. More than 59% of the sorbed P was found in the water + resin fraction, which is considered the most labile pools where the binding energy is assumed to be low. In contrast, less than 25% of the sorbed P was found in the nonlabile pools where the binding energy is assumed to be the greatest. Although less than 25% of the sorbed P was found in the non-labile pools, the Naoh+hCl fraction contributed 2 to 61% of the overall sorption strength estimated for the soils studied. The results of this study suggest that sorption strength calculated from sorption studies are heavily skewed toward the nonlabile fraction, which was found to constitute a very small portion of the binding sites occupied during sorption studies.Abbreviations: b, the sorption maximum; ICP-OES, inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy; b f , sorption maximum determined using the sequential fractionation data; b i , sorption maximum estimated using the method of Nair et al. (1984); k, a coefficient unique to each soil that has been used as a measure of the sorption strength between soil particles and P; k f , the sorption strength parameter determined using the sequential fractionation data; k i , the sorption strength parameter estimated using the method of Nair et al. (1984); OM, organic matter; P i , inorganic P; P o , organic P; W kft , cumulative weighted sorption strength. W hen P is added to soils in the form of fertilizer, a series of reactions takes place, ranging from diffusion of P from the fertilizer granules into the soil solution, sorption of P into soil particles, and, with time, P precipitation (Hedley and McLaughlin, 2005). In the soil, inorganic P (P i ) will adsorb or precipitate by chemically binding with Al, Fe, or Ca (Lombi et al., 2006;Khatiwada et al., 2012;Eriksson et al., 2015). The solubility of phosphorus in soil is controlled by several factors, including how much P is originally adsorbed in the soil, how much P is precipitated in the soil, the soil pH, clay mineralogy, organic matter content, what types of minerals were formed during P precipitation, and the concentration of Ca, Al, Fe, and other cations in solution (Delgado and Torrent 2000;Violante and Pigna, 2002;Shigaki and Sharpley 2011;Weng et al., 2012;Eriksson et al., 2015;Gérard, 2016). McLaughlin et al. (2011) has shown that the amount of Ca...

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Speciation of Phosphorus in a Fertilized, Reduced‐Till Soil System: In‐Field Treatment Incubation Study

Cited by 28 publications

References 49 publications

Nutrient Leaching in Soil Affected by Fertilizer Application and Frozen Ground

Nutrient Leaching in Soil Affected by Fertilizer Application and Frozen Ground

Phosphorus dynamics in Swedish agricultural soils as influenced by fertilization and mineralogical properties: Insights gained from batch experiments and XANES spectroscopy

Chemical Distribution of Phosphorus in Soils used during the Development of Sorption Isotherms

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