Species Co-Occurrence: A Meta-Analysis of J. M. Diamond's Assembly Rules Model

Gotelli, Nicholas J.; McCabe, Declan J.

doi:10.1890/0012-9658(2002)083[2091:scoama]2.0.co;2

Cited by 885 publications

(1,122 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…This has been observed for ants, fl ies, ectoparasites of small mammals, and coral reef fi shes (Sale & Williams 1982, Gotelli & Ellison 2002, Rodriguez-Fernández et al 2006, Krasnov et al 2006. Moreover, Gotelli & McCabe (2002) observed that assembly rules cause matrix structuring according to the taxonomic group. Studies on larger scales usually do not agree with those obtained on smaller scales (Resetaris & Bernardo 1998), as observed for ant and fl y assemblages (Gotelli & Ellison 2002, Rodriguez-Fernández et al 2006.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assembly rules in Muscid Fly assemblages in the grasslands Biome of Southern Brazil

Krüger¹,

Carvalho²,

Ribeiro³

2010

Neotrop. entomol.

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-The distribution of muscid species (Diptera) in grasslands fragments of southern Brazil was assessed using null models according to three assembly rules: (a) negatively-associated distributions; (b) guild proportionality; and (c) constant body-size ratios. We built presence/absence matrices and calculated the C-score index to test negatively-associated distributions and guild proportionality based on the following algorithms: total number of fi xed lines (F L ), total number of fi xed columns (F C ), and the effect of the average size of the populations along lines (W) for 5000 randomizations. We used null models to generate random communities that were not structured by competition and evaluated the patterns generated using three models: general, trophic guilds, and taxonomic guilds.All three assembly rules were tested in each model. The null hypothesis was corroborated in all F L X F C co-occurrence analyses. In addition, 11 analyses of the models using the W algorithm showed the same pattern observed previously. Three analyses using the W algorithm indicated that species cooccurred more frequently than expected by chance. According to analyses of co-occurrence and guild proportionality, the coexistence of muscid species is not regulated by constant body size ratios. In fl ies of the grasslands, no rule was identifi ed. Yet, a consensus did emerge from our analyses: species co-occur more frequently than expected by chance, indicating that aggregation is a recurring phenomenon among fl ies with saprophagous adults and predatory larvae. Therefore, competition does not seem to play an important role in the determination of muscid assemblages in the grasslands in Southern Brazil.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In an analysis of 96 presence/absence matrices, Gotelli & McCabe (2002) found signifi cant differences among taxonomic groups in the tested null models, with differences in the patterns of species distributions. According to the authors, most matrices were non-random among homeotherms when compared to poikilotherms.…”

mentioning

confidence: 96%

Assembly rules in Muscid Fly assemblages in the grasslands Biome of Southern Brazil

Krüger¹,

Carvalho²,

Ribeiro³

2010

Neotrop. entomol.

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“…For example, investigating taxon occurrence patterns could provide signs of metabolic cooperation. Indeed, studies of both macroorganisms and microorganisms have indicated clear non-random distribution patterns [53,54]. However, as other factors, such as competition, niche (speciescomposition cycles and biogeography can be predicted from habitat parameters [55] or organismal physiological traits [56]) and sampling, might also contribute to the patterns observed, further studies will need to show what information can be extracted from such data.…”

Section: Metabolic Cooperationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular eco-systems biology: towards an understanding of community function

Raes¹,

Bork²

2008

Nat Rev Microbiol

356

274

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| Systems-biology approaches, which are driven by genome sequencing and high-throughput functional genomics data, are revolutionizing single-cell-organism biology. With the advent of various high-throughput techniques that aim to characterize complete microbial ecosystems (metagenomics, meta-transcriptomics and meta-metabolomics), we propose that the time is ripe to consider molecular systems biology at the ecosystem level (eco-systems biology). Here, we discuss the necessary data types that are required to unite molecular microbiology and ecology to develop an understanding of community function and discuss the potential shortcomings of these approaches.Over the past decade, the advent of robotics has enabled a paradigm shift in molecular biology: a change of emphasis from reductionistic approaches and 'singleprotein' studies to global investigations of increasingly more complex systems of molecules and their interrelationships. These 'systems approaches' are used to investigate processes as a whole and enable models to be built to predict the behaviour of a system in response to various external cues, disturbances or modifications of its composition [1]. After ground-breaking work on the properties of small networks that consisted of a few genes, the wiring of complete cells and microbial organisms is now being investigated and modelled [2,3]. However, as free-living organisms constantly interact with each other and the environment, systems biologists are already looking towards the next big challengeunravelling the complexity of complete ecosystems.A microbial ecosystem can be defined as a system that consists of all the microorganisms that live in a certain area or niche and that function together in the context of the other biotic (plants and animals) and abiotic (temperature, chemical composition and structure of the surroundings) factors of that niche. Communities range from being simple (for example, one-or two-speciesdominated bioreactors and biofilms that are growing on ore-mine effluents or medical implants) to complex (for example, symbiotic human gut flora, plant rhizospheres, soil communities and ocean dwelling or even airborne microorganisms, such as those present in clouds). The complexity of the interactions in ecosystems depends on the number of species and the population structure, variation in food and energy supply and the geography of the habitat [4]. Eco-systems biology seeks to understand, as a whole, the immensely complex set of molecular processes and interactions that contribute to ecosystem functioning -the total sum of ecosystem-level processes, such as matter, nutrient and energy cycling [5]. This understanding should ultimately lead to predictive modelling of ecosystems, allowing the in silico investigation of ecosystem properties. Important issues that could be addressed by an ecosystems approach include estimating the relative importance of ecosystem members in ecosystem functioning and productivity, the effect of nutrient availability on species composition or the resil...

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“…As the existence of community structure is increasingly tested against the foil of null models and neutral theory (Hubbell 2001), it becomes more and more apparent that species are not ecologically equivalent and that niche differences, mediated by interspecific competition, create significant structure in ecological communities (Silvertown et al 1999;Gotelli & McCabe 2002;Clark & McLachlan 2003;Fargione et al 2003;McGill 2003;Adler 2004). Hence the question arises, how do the traits evolve on which niche differences are based and upon which community structure is built?…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Absence of phylogenetic signal in the niche structure of meadow plant communities

Silvertown

McConway

Gowing³

et al. 2005

Proc. R. Soc. B.

153

171

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A significant proportion of the global diversity of flowering plants has evolved in recent geological time, probably through adaptive radiation into new niches. However, rapid evolution is at odds with recent research which has suggested that plant ecological traits, including the b-(or habitat) niche, evolve only slowly. We have quantified traits that determine within-habitat a diversity (a niches) in two communities in which species segregate on hydrological gradients. Molecular phylogenetic analysis of these data shows practically no evidence of a correlation between the ecological and evolutionary distances separating species, indicating that hydrological a niches are evolutionarily labile. We propose that contrasting patterns of evolutionary conservatism for a-and b-niches is a general phenomenon necessitated by the hierarchical filtering of species during community assembly. This determines that species must have similar b niches in order to occupy the same habitat, but different a niches in order to coexist.

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Species Co-Occurrence: A Meta-Analysis of J. M. Diamond's Assembly Rules Model

Cited by 885 publications

References 43 publications

Assembly rules in Muscid Fly assemblages in the grasslands Biome of Southern Brazil

Assembly rules in Muscid Fly assemblages in the grasslands Biome of Southern Brazil

Molecular eco-systems biology: towards an understanding of community function

Absence of phylogenetic signal in the niche structure of meadow plant communities

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