“…Cyanobacteria can cause local biodiversity loss, threatening the functioning of the whole ecosystem with serious ecosystem damage [ 7 , 8 ]. In the temperate zone, some of them are known worldwide as invasive, harmful, not-native, or even exotic species, especially Sphaerospermopsis aphanizomenoides (Forti) (Zapomelová, Jezberová, Hrouzek, Hisem, Reháková, and Komárková), Cuspidothrix issatschenkoi (Usachev) (P.Rajaniemi, Komárek, R.Willame, P. Hrouzek, K.Kastovská, L.Hoffmann, and K.Sivonen), and Raphidiopsis raciborskii (Wołoszyńska) (Aguilera, Berrendero Gómez, Kaštovský, Echenique, and Salerno [ 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 ]). All three of these species belong to Invasive Nostocalean Cyanobacteria, which can occur together [ 13 ].…”