Species level identification of non-tuberculous mycobacteria from South Indian BCG trial area during 1981

Paramasivan, C. N.; Govindan, D.; Prabhakar, R; Somasundaram, P. R.; Subbammal, S.; Tripathy, S.P.

doi:10.1016/0041-3879(85)90048-0

Cited by 50 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The number of different species isolated did not differ between the 2 periods. However, most species identifi cation by biochemical testing depended heavily on 1 study from India (11).…”

Section: Search Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nontuberculous Mycobacteria in Respiratory Tract Infections, Eastern Asia

Simons¹,

Ingen²,

Hsueh³

et al. 2011

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

115

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“…The number of different species isolated did not differ between the 2 periods. However, most species identifi cation by biochemical testing depended heavily on 1 study from India (11).…”

Section: Search Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nontuberculous Mycobacteria in Respiratory Tract Infections, Eastern Asia

Simons¹,

Ingen²,

Hsueh³

et al. 2011

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

115

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“…M. avium / intracellulare was the species most frequently isolated in their study. 14 Das et al reported isolation of 8.3% NTM from various clinical specimens from Delhi and Kasauli. 18 There has also been a report from our institution on the isolation of M. fortuitum from surgical specimens of patients with post operative wound infections, injection abscesses, skin and soft tissue infections.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non tuberculous mycobacteria isolated from clinical specimens at a tertiary care hospital in South India

Mv¹,

Gladstone²

2005

Indian J Med Microbiol

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Purpose: This is a retrospective analysis of the isolation rates of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) from various clinical specimens and their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns. Methods: All NTM isolated between 1999 and 2004 at Christian Medical College, Vellore, South India, were identified with various biochemical tests. Antimicrobial susceptibility test for all NTM was performed by standard methods. Results: A total of 32,084 specimens were received for culture, of which 4473 (13.9%) grew acid fast bacilli (AFB). Four thousand three hundred (96.1%) of the AFB were M. tuberculosis while 173 (3.9%) were NTM. Of the 173 NTM, 115 (66.5%) were identified to the species level. Pus, biopsy specimens and sputum specimens yielded most of the NTM of which M. chelonae (46%) and M. fortuitum (41%) accounted for majority of them. M. chelonae and M. fortuitum, showed highest susceptibility to amikacin (99.2%). NTM were repeatedly isolated from seven sputum specimens, 15 biopsy and pus specimens, two CSF and two blood cultures. Six were isolated from patients with AIDS and five from post transplant patients. Conclusions: The isolation of NTM from various clinical specimens is reported in this study to highlight the associated diseases and therapeutic options in these infections. 1 NTM comprising of over 95 species are naturally seen as saprophytes 2 but are known to cause four different categories of infections in humans such as, i) pulmonary infections resembling tuberculosis, ii) extra pulmonary infections affecting lymph nodes, skin and soft tissue, iii) multifocal disseminated infections and iv) infections in immunocompromised individuals such as AIDS and transplant patients.3 The growing population of HIV infected individuals and other immunosuppessed / immunocompromised patients coupled with better diagnostic techniques has led to an increase in the number of NTM being reported in human infections in recent years. 4 NTM produce infections more commonly in the presence of predisposing factors / underlying diseases; they are also notably resistant to commonly used antitubercular drugs. These factors augment morbidity and limit therapeutic options in such infections. NTM have been reported world wide with varying frequencies, 5-8 while in India isolation rates are between 0.7% and 34%. 9 We have reviewed the isolation rates of NTM from various clinical specimens over a period of six years at the department of Clinical Microbiology, Christian Medical College, Vellore -South India. Through this study we wish to emphasize the need to look for NTM in various clinical specimens. Materials and MethodsThis study includes the isolation of NTM from all clinical specimens from suspected pulmonary and extra pulmonary tuberculosis received between 1999 and 2004. Early morning well coughed out sputum specimens, broncho alveolar lavage, bronchial wash and endotracheal aspirate specimens were received from patients with clinical and radiological findings suggestive of pulmonary tuberculosis. From children and patients fro...

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“…(19). Mycobacterium terrae was shown to be the second most common organism, accounting for 12.5% of the NTM isolated from sputum samples from symptomatic subjects residing in the south Indian BCG trial area (13). Contamination of clinical samples with M. terrae was also reported (12).…”

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confidence: 99%

Large-Restriction-Fragment Polymorphism Analysis of Mycobacterium chelonae and Mycobacterium terrae Isolates

Vanitha

Venkatasubramani

Dharmalingam

et al. 2003

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Mycobacterium chelonae and Mycobacterium terrae were reported to be frequently present in the environment of the Mycobacterium bovis BCG trial area in south India. Six isolates of M. chelonae and four isolates of M. terrae obtained from different sources in this area were analyzed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) to examine large-restriction-fragment (LRF) polymorphism using the chromosomal DNA digested with DraI and XbaI restriction enzymes. With the exception of one isolate of M. terrae, DNA from all other isolates could be digested with DraI and XbaI and resulted in separable fragments. Visual comparison of the LRFs showed a unique pattern for each of the isolates tested. A computer-assisted dendrogram of the percent similarity demonstrated a high degree of genetic diversity in this group of isolates. This study demonstrates that species of nontuberculous mycobacteria, particularly M. chelonae and M. terrae, can be successfully typed by their LRF pattern using PFGE, which does not require species-specific DNA probes.Assessment of genetic diversity is important in epidemiological studies of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), as data from these studies could be used to monitor trends in the occurrence of new strains, identify possible sources of infection, and differentiate individual strains (17). In addition, polymorphism studies may have value in providing comparative information for the basis of human colonization, infectivity, and virulence (5). The phenotypic techniques, such as antibiotic or heavy metal susceptibility testing, serotyping, and multilocus enzyme electrophoresis, used to characterize mycobacteria are labor-intensive and have inherent limitations. The molecular techniques, such as restriction fragment length polymorphism, random amplified polymorphic DNA, and pulsedfield gel electrophoresis (PFGE), are simple to perform; of these techniques, PFGE has been used with most bacterial species (16). It has now gained acceptance as a reliable epidemiological tool for the analysis of strain relatedness of both slow-and fast-growing mycobacteria (1,2,6,20).An earlier study on the characterization of Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) isolates, the most commonly found NTM in the Mycobacterium bovis BCG trial area in south India, using techniques such as the AccuProbe test (Gen Probe Inc., San Diego, Calif.), PCR with DT1 and DT6 probes (inhouse; Institut Pasteur, Paris, France), PCR restriction analysis of the hsp65 gene, and 16S rRNA gene sequencing, showed that there was a high degree of heterogeneity in the isolates studied (3). Mycobacterium chelonae was reported to be the second most commonly found NTM in the environment of the south Indian BCG trial area (9) and the most frequent NTM associated with nosocomial disease, such as skin and soft tissue infections after outbreaks due to contaminated prosthetic valves, bronchoscopes, peritoneal dialysis equipments, injection vials, etc. (19). Mycobacterium terrae was shown to be the second most common organism, accounting for 12.5% of the NTM ...

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Species level identification of non-tuberculous mycobacteria from South Indian BCG trial area during 1981

Cited by 50 publications

References 8 publications

Nontuberculous Mycobacteria in Respiratory Tract Infections, Eastern Asia

Nontuberculous Mycobacteria in Respiratory Tract Infections, Eastern Asia

Non tuberculous mycobacteria isolated from clinical specimens at a tertiary care hospital in South India

Large-Restriction-Fragment Polymorphism Analysis of Mycobacterium chelonae and Mycobacterium terrae Isolates

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